Hilhorst Dorothea, Douma Nynke
Professor of Humanitarian Aid and Reconstruction, International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Independent Consultant, Whyze, Netherlands.
Disasters. 2018 Jan;42 Suppl 1:S79-S98. doi: 10.1111/disa.12270.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has witnessed a high prevalence of sexual violence since the wars of the mid-1990s. The huge response to it commenced around the turn of the century, but turned to 'hype' towards 2010. The paper defines 'hypes' as phenomena characterised by a media frenzy, eagerness by non-governmental organisations, and pragmatic local responses. Interviews and analyses conducted in 2011 revealed misuse of services and misrepresentation at different levels. The paper goes on to review medical and legal assistance and to provide evidence of incremental improvements in the response since 2012. It has become better coordinated, with more engagement by the DRC government, more community-oriented, and has incorporated a broader notion of gender-based violence. Nonetheless, concern remains about its impact and its continued dependence on international resources. There is apprehension too about social reactions to the problems of corruption and impunity, seemingly adding to the confusion surrounding gender relations in the country.
自20世纪90年代中期的战争以来，刚果民主共和国（DRC）的性暴力事件高发。在世纪之交前后开始了对此的大规模应对，但到2010年左右却演变成了“炒作”。本文将“炒作”定义为具有媒体狂热、非政府组织的热衷以及务实的当地反应等特征的现象。2011年进行的访谈和分析揭示了不同层面上服务的滥用和失实陈述。本文接着回顾了医疗和法律援助，并提供了自2012年以来应对措施逐步改善的证据。它的协调性变得更好，刚果民主共和国政府更多地参与其中，更以社区为导向，并且纳入了更广泛的基于性别的暴力概念。尽管如此，人们仍然担心其影响以及对国际资源的持续依赖。对于腐败和有罪不罚问题的社会反应也令人担忧，这似乎加剧了该国围绕性别关系的混乱局面。
