Vesovic V
Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BP, UK.
J Hazard Mater. 2007 Feb 20;140(3):518-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.10.039. Epub 2006 Oct 20.
The spillage of LNG on water surfaces can lead, under certain circumstances, to a decrease in the surface temperature of water and subsequent freezing. A model for heat transfer from water to LNG is proposed and used to calculate the surface temperature of water and examine its influence on the vaporization rate of LNG. For this purpose LNG was modeled based on the properties of pure methane. It was concluded that when LNG spills on a confined, shallow-water surface the surface temperature of water will decrease rapidly leading to ice formation. The formation of an ice layer, that will continue to grow for the duration of the spill, will have a profound effect upon the vaporization rate. The decreasing surface temperature of ice will decrease the temperature differential between LNG and ice that drives the heat transfer and will lead to a change of the boiling regime. The overall effect would be that the vaporization flux would first decrease during the film boiling; followed by an increase during the transition boiling and a steady decrease during the nucleate boiling.
在某些情况下，液化天然气（LNG）泄漏到水面上会导致水温下降并随后结冰。本文提出了一个从水到LNG的热传递模型，并用于计算水温以及研究其对LNG汽化速率的影响。为此，基于纯甲烷的特性对LNG进行了建模。研究得出结论，当LNG泄漏到封闭的浅水表面时，水温将迅速下降导致结冰。冰层的形成会在泄漏持续期间持续增长，这将对汽化速率产生深远影响。冰层表面温度的降低会减小驱动热传递的LNG与冰之间的温差，并导致沸腾状态的变化。总体效果是，汽化通量在膜状沸腾期间首先会降低；在过渡沸腾期间会增加，而在核态沸腾期间会持续下降。
