Antizar-Ladislao Blanca, Beck Angus J, Spanova Katarina, Lopez-Real Joe, Russell Nicholas J
Imperial College London, Wye campus, Wye, Ashford, TN25 5AH, United Kingdom.
J Hazard Mater. 2007 Jun 1;144(1-2):340-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.10.031. Epub 2006 Oct 15.
The biodegradation of 16 US. EPA-listed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (sigma PAHs), with accompanying humification and microbial community structure changes during simulated in-vessel composting-bioremediation of an aged coal-tar-contaminated soil amended with green waste were studied over 56 days. The experimental design compared one constant temperature profile (TC=38 degrees C) with three variable temperature profiles (TP1, TP2 and TP3), including treatment at 70 degrees C to comply with regulatory requirements. Greatest sigma PAHs removal (75.4+/-0.1%; k(1)=0.026 day(-1), R(2)=0.98) occurred at TC=38 degrees C compared to all variable temperature profiles TP1 (62.1+/-11.0%; k(1)=0.016 day(-1), R(2)=0.93), TP2 (71.8+/-8.2%; k(1)=0.021 day(-1), R(2)=0.95) and TP3 (45.3+/-9.7%; k(1)=0.010 day(-1), R(2)=0.91). This study proved that using thermophilic temperatures (70 degrees C) towards the end of in-vessel composting processes (TP2) resulted in greater sigma PAHs removal than using other variable temperature profiles (TP1, TP3), as long as the increase was stepwise via an intermediate temperature (55 degrees C). Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) signatures indicated that use of thermophilic temperatures towards the end of the in-vessel composting-bioremediation (TP2) resulted in a higher fungal to bacterial PLFA ratio and a lower Gram-positive to Gram-negative (G(+)/G(-)) bacterial ratio. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) showed the presence of peaks typical of humic-like (Ex/Em wavelength pair approximately 340/460 nm) and fulvic-acid-like (Ex/Em wavelength pair approximately 245/460 nm) substances, indicating mineralization and/or maturation of the compost. Varying the temperature during in-vessel composting to comply with regulatory requirements for pathogen control, promoted contaminant biodegradation, microbial activity and compost maturation.
在56天的时间里，研究了16种美国环境保护局（US. EPA）列出的多环芳烃（Σ多环芳烃）在模拟的容器内堆肥 - 生物修复过程中的生物降解情况，该过程是针对用绿色废料改良的老化煤焦油污染土壤进行的，同时伴有腐殖化和微生物群落结构变化。实验设计将一种恒温曲线（TC = 38摄氏度）与三种变温曲线（TP1、TP2和TP3）进行了比较，其中包括在70摄氏度下处理以符合监管要求。与所有变温曲线TP1（62.1±11.0%；k(1)=0.016天⁻¹，R² = 0.93）、TP2（71.8±8.2%；k(1)=0.021天⁻¹，R² = 0.95）和TP3（45.3±9.7%；k(1)=0.010天⁻¹，R² = 0.91）相比，在TC = 38摄氏度时，Σ多环芳烃的去除率最高（75.4±0.1%；k(1)=0.026天⁻¹，R² = 0.98）。这项研究证明，只要通过中间温度（55摄氏度）逐步升温，在容器内堆肥过程接近尾声时采用嗜热温度（70摄氏度）（TP2）比采用其他变温曲线（TP1、TP3）能使Σ多环芳烃的去除率更高。磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）特征表明，在容器内堆肥 - 生物修复接近尾声时采用嗜热温度（TP2）会导致真菌与细菌的PLFA比值更高，革兰氏阳性菌与革兰氏阴性菌（G⁺/G⁻）的比值更低。荧光激发 - 发射矩阵（EEM）显示存在典型的类腐殖质（激发/发射波长对约为340/460纳米）和类富里酸（激发/发射波长对约为245/460纳米）物质的峰，表明堆肥发生了矿化和/或成熟。在容器内堆肥过程中改变温度以符合病原体控制的监管要求，促进了污染物的生物降解、微生物活性和堆肥成熟。
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