Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute of Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
J Hazard Mater. 2016 Jan 15;301:17-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.08.023. Epub 2015 Aug 18.
The feasibility of decontaminating creosote-treated wood (CTW) by co-composting with agricultural wastes was investigated using two bulking agents, grass cuttings (GC) and broiler litter (BL), each employed at a 1:1 ratio with the matrix. The initial concentration of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in CTW (26,500 mg kg(-1)) was reduced to 3 and 19% after 240 d in GC and BL compost, respectively. PAH degradation exceeded the predicted bioaccesible threshold, estimated through sequential supercritical CO2 extraction, together with significant detoxification, assessed by contact tests using Vibrio fisheri and Hordeum vulgare. GC composting was characterized by high microbial biomass growth in the early phases, as suggested by phospholipid fatty acid analyses. Based on the 454-pyrosequencing results, fungi (mostly Saccharomycetales) constituted an important portion of the microbial community, and bacteria were characterized by rapid shifts (from Firmicutes (Bacilli) and Actinobacteria to Proteobacteria). However, during BL composting, larger amounts of prokaryotic and eukaryotic PLFA markers were observed during the cooling and maturation phases, which were dominated by Proteobacteria and fungi belonging to the Ascomycota and those putatively related to the Glomeromycota. This work reports the first in-depth analysis of the chemical and microbiological processes that occur during the co-composting of a PAH-contaminated matrix.
研究了与农业废弃物共堆肥（分别以 1:1 的比例与基质混合使用草屑（GC）和肉鸡垫料（BL））来去除杂酚油处理木材（CTW）的可行性。GC 和 BL 堆肥中 CTW 中总多环芳烃（PAHs）的初始浓度（26500mgkg-1）在 240d 后分别降低到 3%和 19%。通过顺序超临界 CO2 提取预测的生物可及性阈值超过了生物降解，通过使用发光菌和大麦种子接触试验评估了明显的解毒作用。GC 堆肥的特征是早期微生物生物量生长迅速，如磷脂脂肪酸分析所示。根据 454 焦磷酸测序结果，真菌（主要是酵母菌）构成了微生物群落的重要部分，而细菌则具有快速的变化（从厚壁菌门（芽孢杆菌）和放线菌到变形菌门）。然而，在 BL 堆肥过程中，在冷却和成熟阶段观察到更多的原核和真核 PLFA 标记，这些标记主要由变形菌门和属于子囊菌门的真菌以及那些推测与球囊菌门有关的真菌组成。这项工作首次深入分析了 PAH 污染基质共堆肥过程中的化学和微生物过程。
