Calfee David P
Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Mt Sinai J Med. 2006 Oct;73(6):852-6.
Occupational exposure to blood and other potentially infectious body fluids places health care workers at risk for acquisition of bloodborne pathogens, including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Utilizing appropriate techniques, personal protective equipment, and safer "sharp" technology can minimize the risk of these exposures. When exposure does occur, immediate evaluation and initiation of post-exposure prophylaxis, when indicated. can substantially reduce the risk of transmission of HIV. In this article, the basic concepts of exposure prevention and management are reviewed.
医护人员职业性接触血液和其他潜在传染性体液会使其面临感染血源性病原体的风险,包括人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)。采用适当的技术、个人防护装备和更安全的“锐器”技术可将这些暴露风险降至最低。当发生暴露时,应立即进行评估,并在指征明确时启动暴露后预防措施,这可大幅降低HIV传播风险。本文将对暴露预防和管理的基本概念进行综述。