Belpoggi Fiorella, Soffritti Morando, Padovani Michela, Degli Esposti Davide, Lauriola Michelina, Minardi Franco
Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, European Foundation of Oncology and Environmental Sciences B. Ramazzini, 40010 Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Sep;1076:559-77. doi: 10.1196/annals.1371.080.
Aspartame (APM) is one of the most widely used artificial sweeteners in the world. Its ever-growing use in more than 6000 products, such as soft drinks, chewing gum, candy, desserts, etc., has been accompanied by rising consumer concerns regarding its safety, in particular its potential long-term carcinogenic effects. In light of the inadequacy of the carcinogenicity bioassays performed in the 1970s and 1980s, a long-term mega-experiment on APM was undertaken at the Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center of the European Ramazzini Foundation on groups of male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (100-150/sex/group), 8 weeks old at the start of the experiment. APM was administered in feed at concentrations of 100,000, 50,000, 10,000, 2,000, 400, 80, or 0 ppm. Treatment lasted until spontaneous death of the animals. The results of the study demonstrate that APM causes: (a) an increased incidence of malignant tumor-bearing animals, with a positive significant trend in both sexes, and in particular in females treated at 50,000 ppm (P < or = 0.01) when compared to controls; (b) an increase in lymphomas-leukemias, with a positive significant trend in both sexes, and in particular in females treated at doses of 100,000 (P < or = 0.01), 50,000 (P < or = 0.01), 10,000 (P < or = 0.05), 2000 (P < or = 0.05), and 400 ppm (P < or = 0.01); (c) a statistically significant increased incidence, with a positive significant trend, of transitional cell carcinomas of the renal pelvis and ureter in females and particularly in those treated at 100,000 ppm (P < or = 0.05); and (d) an increased incidence of malignant schwannomas of the peripheral nerves, with a positive trend in males (P < or = 0.05). The results of this mega-experiment indicate that APM, in the tested experimental conditions, is a multipotential carcinogenic agent.
阿斯巴甜（APM）是世界上使用最广泛的人工甜味剂之一。它在6000多种产品（如软饮料、口香糖、糖果、甜点等）中的使用日益增加，与此同时，消费者对其安全性的担忧也在上升，尤其是其潜在的长期致癌作用。鉴于20世纪70年代和80年代进行的致癌性生物测定存在不足，欧洲拉马齐尼基金会切萨雷·马尔托尼癌症研究中心对一群雄性和雌性斯普拉格-道利大鼠（每组100 - 150只/性别）进行了一项关于APM的长期大型实验，实验开始时大鼠8周龄。APM以100,000、50,000、10,000、2,000、400、80或0 ppm的浓度添加到饲料中。治疗持续到动物自然死亡。研究结果表明，APM会导致：（a）患恶性肿瘤动物的发病率增加，两性均呈显著正相关趋势，特别是与对照组相比，50,000 ppm处理组的雌性动物（P≤0.01）；（b）淋巴瘤 - 白血病增加，两性均呈显著正相关趋势，特别是100,000（P≤0.01）、50,000（P≤0.01）、10,000（P≤0.05）、2000（P≤0.05）和400 ppm（P≤0.01）剂量处理组的雌性动物；（c）雌性肾盂和输尿管移行细胞癌的发病率在统计学上显著增加，呈显著正相关趋势，特别是100,000 ppm处理组的雌性动物（P≤0.05）；以及（d）周围神经恶性神经鞘瘤的发病率增加，雄性呈正相关趋势（P≤0.05）。这项大型实验的结果表明，在测试的实验条件下，APM是一种多潜能致癌剂。
