Tamburlini Giorgio
Institute of Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Sep;1076:691-702. doi: 10.1196/annals.1371.053.
Important developments have taken place in Europe regarding children's environmental health (CEH) over the last few years. In 1999 the Third Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health identified CEH as a priority area and started a process of scientific review and policy development that culminated at the Fourth Ministerial Conference held in Budapest in June 2004 with the adoption of the Children's Environment and Health Action Plan for Europe (CEHAPE). The rationale of the CEHAPE is based on a thorough review of the scientific evidence on CEH and on a study that quantified for the first time the burden of disease related to the main environmental exposures of children and adolescents in Europe. The Action Plan suggests actions and policies to achieve the four main priority goals: clean air, safe water, chemical and physical agents, and injuries. Over the same period, the European Commission (EC) has strengthened its focus on environment and health issues, has supported research on CEH, and has developed a proposal for a new EU regulatory framework for chemicals that has clear implications for children and for the reproductive period. The proposed new system, called REACH (Registration, Evaluation, and Authorization of Chemicals), currently under examination by the European Parliament, aims at reducing risks to human health and improvement of environmental quality through the better and earlier identification of the properties of chemical substances. The EC also adopted policies and action plans that are very relevant to children, such as the EU European Environment and Health Strategy, referred to as the SCALE initiative (Science, Children, Awareness, Legislation, Evaluation), and the 2004-2010 Environment and Health Action Plan.
在过去几年中，欧洲在儿童环境健康（CEH）方面取得了重要进展。1999年，第三届环境与健康部长级会议将儿童环境健康确定为一个优先领域，并启动了科学审查和政策制定进程，该进程在2004年6月于布达佩斯举行的第四届部长级会议上达到高潮，通过了《欧洲儿童环境与健康行动计划》（CEHAPE）。CEHAPE的基本原理基于对儿童环境健康科学证据的全面审查，以及一项首次对欧洲儿童和青少年主要环境暴露相关疾病负担进行量化的研究。该行动计划提出了实现四个主要优先目标的行动和政策：清洁空气、安全用水、化学和物理制剂以及伤害。在同一时期，欧盟委员会（EC）加强了对环境与健康问题的关注，支持了儿童环境健康研究，并制定了一项关于新的欧盟化学品监管框架的提案，该提案对儿童和生育期有明确影响。提议的新系统称为REACH（化学品注册、评估和授权），目前正在由欧洲议会审查，旨在通过更好地、更早地识别化学物质的特性来降低对人类健康的风险并改善环境质量。欧盟委员会还通过了与儿童密切相关的政策和行动计划，如欧盟欧洲环境与健康战略，即所谓的SCALE倡议（科学、儿童、意识、立法、评估），以及2004 - 2010年环境与健康行动计划。
