Mead Robert W, Brajer Victor
Department of Economics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Sep;1076:882-92. doi: 10.1196/annals.1371.033.
China's ongoing economic growth is accompanied by a large amount of air pollution that exacts significant health and economic costs on its people. Following up on some earlier work focusing upon general mortality and child-specific health effects, this article uses a larger data set, covering more than 90 Chinese cities, along with a set of China-based epidemiological functions, to estimate some of the adult health benefits of reducing urban air pollution. Projecting future air pollution based upon current conditions, it calculates the averted mortality and morbidity effects that would result from the cleanup of particulates, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. The inclusion of nitrogen dioxide in our analysis is particularly important because it is a growing problem and has not been included in most of the more widely known studies that examine Chinese air pollution. Finally, the economic valuation of these pollution-related health effects is developed, using a number of recent, China-based valuation studies.
中国目前的经济增长伴随着大量空气污染，这给民众带来了巨大的健康和经济成本。在早期一些关注总体死亡率和儿童特定健康影响的工作基础上，本文使用了一个更大的数据集，涵盖90多个中国城市，并结合一组基于中国的流行病学函数，来估算减少城市空气污染对成年人健康的一些益处。根据当前状况预测未来空气污染情况，计算出清理颗粒物、二氧化硫和二氧化氮所带来的避免死亡和发病影响。在我们的分析中纳入二氧化氮尤为重要，因为它是一个日益严重的问题，且在大多数更知名的中国空气污染研究中并未涉及。最后，利用近期一些基于中国的估值研究，对这些与污染相关的健康影响进行了经济估值。
