Elagib Kamaleldin E, Goldfarb Adam N
Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 800904, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Cancer Lett. 2007 Jun 28;251(2):179-86. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.10.010. Epub 2006 Nov 27.
The leukemic fusion protein AML1-ETO occurs frequently in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and has received much attention over the past decade. An initial model for its pathogenetic effects emphasized the conversion of a hematopoietic transcriptional activator, RUNX1 (or AML1), into a leukemogenic repressor which blocked myeloid differentiation at the level of target gene regulation. This view has been absorbed into a larger picture of AML1-ETO pathogenesis, encompassing dysregulation of hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis at several mechanistic levels. Recent reports have highlighted a multifaceted capacity of AML1-ETO directly to inhibit key hematopoietic transcription factors that function as tumor suppressors at several nodal points during hematopoietic differentiation. A new model is presented in which AML1-ETO coordinates expansion of the stem cell compartment with diminished lineage commitment and with genome instability.
白血病融合蛋白AML1-ETO在人类急性髓系白血病(AML)中频繁出现,在过去十年中备受关注。其致病作用的初始模型强调,造血转录激活因子RUNX1(或AML1)转变为致白血病的阻遏物,在靶基因调控水平阻断髓系分化。这一观点已融入AML1-ETO发病机制的更宏观图景中,该图景涵盖了造血干细胞稳态在多个机制层面的失调。最近的报告强调了AML1-ETO直接抑制关键造血转录因子的多方面能力,这些转录因子在造血分化的多个节点发挥肿瘤抑制作用。本文提出了一个新模型,其中AML1-ETO协调干细胞池的扩增与谱系定向减少以及基因组不稳定。