Masanjala Winford
University of Malawi, Zomba, Malawi.
Soc Sci Med. 2007 Mar;64(5):1032-41. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.10.009. Epub 2006 Nov 28.
This paper reviews the nexus between poverty and HIV/AIDS in Africa using a sustainable livelihood framework. Much of the literature on HIV and AIDS has generated an almost universal consensus that the AIDS epidemic is having an immense impact on the economies of hard-hit countries, hurting not only individuals, families and firms, but also significantly slowing economic growth and worsening poverty. International evidence has concentrated on the pathways through which HIV/AIDS undermines livelihoods and raises vulnerability to future collapse of livelihoods. Yet, little attention has been paid to the role that social relations and livelihood strategies can play in bringing about risky social interaction that raises the chance of contracting HIV. Using the sustainable livelihood and social relation approaches, this article demonstrates that although AIDS is not simply a disease of the poor, determinants of the epidemic go far beyond individual volition and that some dimensions of being poor increase risk and vulnerability to HIV.
本文运用可持续生计框架审视了非洲贫困与艾滋病毒/艾滋病之间的关系。关于艾滋病毒和艾滋病的大量文献几乎达成了普遍共识，即艾滋病疫情正对受重创国家的经济产生巨大影响，不仅损害个人、家庭和企业，还显著减缓经济增长并加剧贫困。国际证据聚焦于艾滋病毒/艾滋病破坏生计以及增加未来生计崩溃脆弱性的途径。然而，很少有人关注社会关系和生计策略在引发高风险社会互动从而增加感染艾滋病毒几率方面所起的作用。运用可持续生计和社会关系方法，本文表明，尽管艾滋病并非仅仅是穷人的疾病，但该流行病的决定因素远远超出个人意志，而且贫困的某些方面会增加感染艾滋病毒的风险和脆弱性。
