Evaluation of evidence for interprofessional education.

Based on recommendations from numerous organizations, educators in healthcare disciplines are implementing interprofessional training programs. Our objective was to summarize relevant literature in a way that would be most useful to clinician educators. Studies involving educational interventions in health professions to enhance learner-based outcomes relevant to the provision of interprofessional care were identified. We sought prospective, controlled trials in which at least 2 health care disciplines were represented, and 1 of which was medicine. Thirteen reports met the criteria for inclusion. Interventions varied widely in design and intensity, but generally included both didactic and clinical components and lasted several weeks or longer. Most studies used pretest/posttest controls and observed positive effects on learners' attitudes and knowledge. Combined clinical and didactic experiences may produce short-term improvements in learners' knowledge and attitudes about interprofessional care. Future research should employ control groups and validated, behaviorally oriented outcome measures whenever possible.