Mysterud Atle, Tryjanowski Piotr, Panek Marek
Department of Biology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
Biol Lett. 2006 Dec 22;2(4):632-5. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2006.0533.
Harvesting represents a major source of mortality in many deer populations. The extent to which harvesting is selective for specific traits is important in order to understand contemporary evolutionary processes. In addition, since such data are frequently used in life-history studies, it is important to know the pattern of selectivity as a source of bias. Recently, it was demonstrated that different hunting methods were selected for different weights in red deer (Cervus elaphus), but little insight was offered into why this occurs. In this study, we show that foreign trophy stalkers select for larger antlers when hunting roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) than local hunters, but that close to half of the difference in selectivity was due to foreigners hunting earlier in the season and in locations with larger males. The relationship between antler size and age was nevertheless fairly similar based on whether deer was shot by foreign or local hunters.
在许多鹿群中，狩猎是造成死亡的主要原因之一。了解狩猎对特定性状的选择程度对于理解当代进化过程至关重要。此外，由于此类数据经常用于生活史研究，了解选择模式作为偏差来源也很重要。最近有研究表明，在马鹿（Cervus elaphus）中，不同的狩猎方法针对不同体重的鹿进行选择，但对于为何会出现这种情况却鲜有深入探讨。在本研究中，我们发现，外国狩猎战利品采集者在猎捕狍（Capreolus capreolus）时比当地猎人更倾向于选择鹿角较大的鹿，但选择性差异中近一半是由于外国人在季节早期以及雄性鹿体型较大的地点进行狩猎。不过，无论鹿是被外国猎人还是当地猎人射杀，鹿角大小与年龄之间的关系都相当相似。
