精英室内200米短跑成绩的核算。
Accounting for elite indoor 200 m sprint results.
作者信息
Usherwood James R, Wilson Alan M
机构信息
Structure and Motion Laboratory, The Royal Veterinary College Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms AL9 7TA, UK.
出版信息
Biol Lett. 2006 Mar 22;2(1):47-50. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2005.0399.
Times for indoor 200 m sprint races are notably worse than those for outdoor races. In addition, there is a considerable bias against competitors drawn in inside lanes (with smaller bend radii). Centripetal acceleration requirements increase average forces during sprinting around bends. These increased forces can be modulated by changes in duty factor (the proportion of stride the limb is in contact with the ground). If duty factor is increased to keep limb forces constant, and protraction time and distance travelled during stance are unchanging, bend-running speeds are reduced. Here, we use results from the 2004 Olympics and World Indoor Championships to show quantitatively that the decreased performances in indoor competition, and the bias by lane number, are consistent with this 'constant limb force' hypothesis. Even elite athletes appear constrained by limb forces.
室内200米短跑比赛的成绩明显比室外比赛的成绩差。此外，对于被分在内道（弯道半径较小）的选手存在相当大的偏见。向心加速度要求会增加弯道冲刺时的平均力。这些增加的力可以通过占空比（肢体与地面接触的步幅比例）的变化来调节。如果增加占空比以保持肢体力量恒定，并且支撑期内的伸展时间和行进距离不变，那么弯道跑步速度就会降低。在此，我们利用2004年奥运会和世界室内锦标赛的结果进行定量分析，结果表明室内比赛成绩的下降以及赛道编号带来的偏见与这种“恒定肢体力量”假说相符。即使是精英运动员似乎也受到肢体力量的限制。
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