David R
KNH Centre for Biomedical Egyptology, University of Manchester, England.
Stud Anc Med. 2004;27:133-51.
During the Ptolemaic Period (332 BC-31 BC), many Greek medical practitioners settled in Egypt where they established an outstanding medical school and developed a distinctive rational approach to diagnosis and treatment which some scholars have regarded as a significant advance on earlier Egyptian procedures. However, Egyptian medicine itself combined both 'rational' and 'irrational' procedures, and extant ancient sources indicate that 'rationality' was not a new concept. Also, several other medical advances that modern writers have usually attributed to the Greeks can be identified in earlier Egyptian traditions. Nevertheless, the limitations of extant textual and archaeological evidence constrain the scope of studies in this area, and new information is required to carry the debate forward.
在托勒密时期（公元前332年 - 公元前31年），许多希腊医生定居在埃及，他们在那里建立了一所杰出的医学院，并发展出一种独特的理性诊断和治疗方法，一些学者认为这是对早期埃及医疗程序的重大进步。然而，埃及医学本身融合了“理性”和“非理性”程序，现存的古代资料表明“理性”并非新概念。此外，现代作家通常归功于希腊人的其他一些医学进步在早期埃及传统中也能找到。尽管如此，现存文本和考古证据的局限性限制了该领域的研究范围，需要新的信息来推进这场辩论。
