Simmering Vanessa R, Spencer John P, Schöner Gregor
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, El1 Seashore Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 2006 Aug;68(6):1027-46. doi: 10.3758/bf03193363.
Models proposed to account for reference frame effects in spatial cognition often account for performance in some tasks well, but fail to generalize to other tasks. Here, we demonstrate that a new process account of spatial working memory--the dynamic field theory (DFT)--can bridge the gap between perceptual and memory processes in position discrimination and spatial recall, highlighting that the processes underlying spatial recall also operate in position discrimination. In six experiments, we tested two novel predictions of the DFT: first, that discrimination is enhanced near symmetry axes, especially when the perceptual salience of the axis is increased; and second, that performance far from a reference axis depends on the direction in which the second stimulus is presented. The DFT also predicts the magnitude of this direction-dependent modulation. These effects arise from reference-related inhibition in the theory. We discuss how the processes captured by the DFT relate to existing psychophysical models and operate across a diverse array of spatial tasks.
为解释空间认知中的参照系效应而提出的模型，通常能很好地解释某些任务中的表现，但无法推广到其他任务。在此，我们证明了一种关于空间工作记忆的新过程理论——动态场理论（DFT）——可以弥合位置辨别和空间回忆中感知与记忆过程之间的差距，突出表明空间回忆背后的过程在位置辨别中也起作用。在六个实验中，我们测试了DFT的两个新预测：第一，在对称轴附近辨别能力会增强，尤其是当轴的感知显著性增加时；第二，远离参照轴时的表现取决于第二个刺激呈现的方向。DFT还预测了这种方向依赖性调制的幅度。这些效应源于该理论中与参照相关的抑制作用。我们讨论了DFT所捕捉的过程如何与现有的心理物理学模型相关联，以及如何在各种不同的空间任务中发挥作用。
