Kragset S, Babaev E, Sudbø A
Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Phys Rev Lett. 2006 Oct 27;97(17):170403. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.170403. Epub 2006 Oct 25.
We perform Monte Carlo studies of vortices in three dimensions in a cylindrical confinement, with uniform and nonuniform density. The former is relevant to rotating 4He; the latter is relevant to a rotating trapped Bose-Einstein condensate. In the former case, we find dominant angular thermal vortex fluctuations close to the cylinder wall. For the latter case, a novel effect is that at low temperatures the vortex solid close to the center of the trap crosses directly over to a tensionless vortex tangle near the edge of the trap. At higher temperatures an intermediate tensionful vortex liquid located between the vortex solid and the vortex tangle may exist.
我们对处于圆柱形约束中的三维涡旋进行了蒙特卡罗研究，其中密度均匀和非均匀。前者与旋转的4He相关；后者与旋转的捕获玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体相关。在前一种情况下，我们发现在圆柱壁附近存在占主导地位的角向热涡旋涨落。对于后一种情况，一个新的效应是在低温下，靠近陷阱中心的涡旋固体直接转变为靠近陷阱边缘的无张力涡旋缠结。在较高温度下，可能存在位于涡旋固体和涡旋缠结之间的中间有张力的涡旋液体。
