Júnior Horst Mitteregger, Silva Juliana da, Arenzon Alexandre, Portela Carina Saraiva, Ferreira Isabel Cristina Fernandes de Sá, Henriques João Antônio Pêgas
Centre for Leather Technology, Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial, RS, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2007 Apr;67(6):1211-7. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.10.048. Epub 2006 Dec 8.
This paper reports results of genotoxicity and toxicity studies of water and sediment samples collected from the Estância Velha stream of southern Brazil, a stream transporting both domestic sewage and effluents from regional factories working in the leather industry. Three sites were selected: in the stream headwaters (Site 1), located downstream of an urban area (Site 2), and near the basin outfall (Site 3). Results obtained with Allium cepa showed no evidence of chromosomal mutation, either in water or in sediment, during winter or summer seasons, but samples collected below Site 1 showed high toxicity. Physical and chemical analyses showed high concentrations of pollutants at these sites. Ecotoxicity tests with Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia measured toxicity in water from Sites 2 and 3 in summer 2004. A toxic effect on Hyalella azteca was only found in sediment from Site 3 during winter 2003 and summer 2004. The results suggest that the synergy among different compounds in domestic and industrial sewage discharges can make it difficult to maintain system stability.
本文报告了对从巴西南部埃斯坦西亚韦利亚溪采集的水和沉积物样本进行的遗传毒性和毒性研究结果。该溪流接纳生活污水和当地皮革行业工厂的废水。研究选取了三个采样点：溪流源头（采样点1）、位于市区下游处（采样点2）以及靠近流域排水口处（采样点3）。用洋葱根尖进行的实验结果表明，无论是在冬季还是夏季，水中和沉积物中均未发现染色体突变的迹象，但在采样点1下游采集的样本显示出高毒性。物理和化学分析表明，这些采样点污染物浓度很高。2004年夏季，用大型溞和模糊仙达溞进行的生态毒性测试测定了采样点2和3水中的毒性。仅在2003年冬季和2004年夏季，在采样点3的沉积物中发现了对阿氏摇蚊的毒性作用。结果表明，生活污水和工业污水排放中不同化合物之间的协同作用可能会使维持系统稳定性变得困难。
