Hedström Lennart, Sjögren Petteri
Public Dental Services, Varberg, Sweden.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007 Jan;103(1):8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2006.01.007. Epub 2006 Apr 24.
To systematically review the scientific evidence derived from randomized controlled trials (RCT) about prevention of alveolar osteitis (AO).
Literature searches were conducted to locate RCTs about prevention of AO. The RCTs were scrutinized for methodological details and categorized according to the preventive intervention studied. Data were analyzed in relation to the frequency of AO. Absolute risk reductions (ARR), and numbers needed to treat were calculated with 95% confidence limits.
There was a wide variation in the design and quality of the RCTs (N = 32). The greatest risk reduction for AO was seen for local treatment with tetracycline (ARR, 12%-31%). For a majority of the preventive interventions, the evidence was absent or inconclusive.
Local treatment with tetracycline, and also 0.12% chlorhexidine rinsing preoperatively and 7 days postoperatively, seem to have significant and clinically relevant preventive effect on AO following surgical removal of lower third molars.
系统评价来自随机对照试验（RCT）中关于预防牙槽骨炎（AO）的科学证据。
进行文献检索以查找关于预防AO的RCT。对RCT的方法学细节进行审查，并根据所研究的预防性干预措施进行分类。分析与AO发生频率相关的数据。计算绝对风险降低率（ARR）和治疗所需人数，并给出95%置信区间。
RCT的设计和质量存在很大差异（N = 32）。四环素局部治疗对AO的风险降低幅度最大（ARR，12% - 31%）。对于大多数预防性干预措施，证据不足或结论不明确。
四环素局部治疗，以及术前和术后7天用0.12%氯己定冲洗，似乎对拔除下颌第三磨牙后发生的AO具有显著且临床相关的预防作用。
