Mirski Marek A, Lele Abhijit Vijay, Fitzsimmons Lunei, Toung Thomas J K
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Anesthesiology. 2007 Jan;106(1):164-77. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200701000-00026.
Vascular air embolism is a potentially life-threatening event that is now encountered routinely in the operating room and other patient care areas. The circumstances under which physicians and nurses may encounter air embolism are no longer limited to neurosurgical procedures conducted in the "sitting position" and occur in such diverse areas as the interventional radiology suite or laparoscopic surgical center. Advances in monitoring devices coupled with an understanding of the pathophysiology of vascular air embolism will enable the physician to successfully manage these potentially challenging clinical scenarios. A comprehensive review of the etiology and diagnosis of vascular air embolism, including approaches to prevention and management based on experimental and clinical data, is presented. This compendium of information will permit the healthcare professional to rapidly assess the relative risk of vascular air embolism and implement monitoring and treatment strategies appropriate for the planned invasive procedure.
血管空气栓塞是一种潜在的危及生命的事件，如今在手术室和其他患者护理区域经常遇到。医生和护士可能遇到空气栓塞的情况不再局限于在“坐位”进行的神经外科手术，还发生在诸如介入放射科或腹腔镜手术中心等不同区域。监测设备的进步以及对血管空气栓塞病理生理学的理解，将使医生能够成功应对这些潜在具有挑战性的临床情况。本文对血管空气栓塞的病因和诊断进行了全面综述，包括基于实验和临床数据的预防和管理方法。这一信息汇编将使医疗保健专业人员能够快速评估血管空气栓塞的相对风险，并实施适合计划中的侵入性手术的监测和治疗策略。
