Razi Cem, Bakirtas Arzu, Harmanci Koray, Turktas Ipek, Erbas Deniz
Department of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006 Dec;97(6):767-74. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60968-4.
Cysteinyl leukotrienes have been found to exert potent inflammatory effects in the upper airways and play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. Previous studies have reported increased levels of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) in patients with allergic rhinitis without asthma symptoms.
To investigate the role of treatment with montelukast on symptoms, eNO levels, and peripheral eosinophil counts of children with seasonal allergic rhinitis during pollen season.
A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study performed between April and June 2005 in 57 children aged 7 to 14 years with seasonal allergic rhinitis was performed. The study comprised a 1-week screening period, a 1-week run-in period, and a 2-week treatment period with once daily montelukast, 5 mg, or matching placebo.
No significant difference at baseline was found in symptom scores, eNO levels, and blood eosinophil counts between the treatment and placebo groups. After 2 weeks of montelukast treatment, improvements from the baseline in the daytime nasal, composite, and daytime eye symptoms scores were significantly greater in the montelukast group compared with the placebo group (P < .001, P < .001, and P < .01, respectively). A significant decrease was also found in eosinophil counts (P < .001) in the montelukast group compared with the placebo group after treatment. Montelukast treatment did not produce a significant effect on eNO levels compared with placebo (P = .96).
Montelukast treatment provided significant improvement in symptoms and peripheral eosinophil counts of school-age children with seasonal allergic rhinitis; however, it did not show a significant effect on eNO levels.
已发现半胱氨酰白三烯在上呼吸道发挥强大的炎症作用，并在变应性鼻炎的发病机制中起重要作用。既往研究报道，无哮喘症状的变应性鼻炎患者呼出一氧化氮（eNO）水平升高。
探讨孟鲁司特治疗对花粉季节季节性变应性鼻炎患儿症状、eNO水平及外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数的作用。
2005年4月至6月对57例7至14岁季节性变应性鼻炎患儿进行了一项随机、双盲、平行组研究。该研究包括为期1周的筛查期、为期1周的导入期和为期2周的治疗期，每日一次给予5mg孟鲁司特或匹配的安慰剂。
治疗组和安慰剂组在基线时的症状评分、eNO水平和血嗜酸性粒细胞计数无显著差异。孟鲁司特治疗2周后，与安慰剂组相比，孟鲁司特组白天鼻部、综合及白天眼部症状评分较基线的改善显著更大（分别为P <.001、P <.001和P <.01）。治疗后，与安慰剂组相比，孟鲁司特组嗜酸性粒细胞计数也显著降低（P <.001）。与安慰剂相比，孟鲁司特治疗对eNO水平未产生显著影响（P = 0.96）。
孟鲁司特治疗可显著改善季节性变应性鼻炎学龄儿童的症状和外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数；然而，它对eNO水平未显示出显著影响。
