Allergy Unit "D. Kalogeromitros," Medical School, "Attikon" University Hospital, 1, Rimini str, 124 62, Chaidari, Athens, Greece,
Paediatr Drugs. 2013 Dec;15(6):431-40. doi: 10.1007/s40272-013-0043-3.
The strong epidemiologic and pathophysiologic link between allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma has led to the concept of 'united airways disease' or 'respiratory allergy', implying that allergy, in its widest sense, underlies this clinical syndrome. Progression from AR to asthma is frequent and part of the 'atopic march'. Since pediatric immune responses are more adaptable and therefore may be more amenable to treatment, interventions at early childhood are characterized by a higher chance to affect the natural history of respiratory allergy. Although current treatments are quite effective in alleviating respiratory allergy symptoms, it has proven much more difficult to confirm any influence on the progression of the disease. Much more promising is the field of specific allergen immunotherapy, where current evidence, although not yet of ideal robustness, points towards a disease-modifying effect. In addition, newer or emerging, possibly more effective or more targeted interventions are promising in the preventive sense.
变应性鼻炎（AR）与哮喘之间存在强烈的流行病学和病理生理学联系，这导致了“联合气道疾病”或“呼吸道变应”的概念，意味着最广义的过敏是这种临床综合征的基础。从 AR 向哮喘进展很常见，是“特应性进程”的一部分。由于儿科免疫反应更具适应性，因此可能更容易治疗，因此在儿童早期进行干预具有更高的机会来影响呼吸道变应的自然史。尽管目前的治疗方法在缓解呼吸道过敏症状方面非常有效，但证实对疾病进展有任何影响要困难得多。在特异性过敏原免疫治疗领域更有希望，尽管目前的证据还不够理想，但指向疾病修饰作用。此外，在预防意义上，较新或新兴的、可能更有效或更有针对性的干预措施很有前景。
