Gajewski Daniel A, Brockmole James R
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, 211 Psychology Building, East Lansing 48824-1116, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2006 Aug;13(4):581-7. doi: 10.3758/bf03193966.
Are integrated objects the unit of capacity of visual working memory, or is continued attention needed to maintain bindings between independently stored features? In a delayed recall task, participants reported the color and shape of a probed item from a memory array. During the delay, attention was manipulated with an exogenous cue. Recall was elevated at validly cued positions, indicating that the cue affected item memory. On invalid trials, participants most frequently recalled either both features (perfect object memory) or neither of the two features (no object memory); the frequency with which only one feature was recalled was significantly lower than predicted by feature independence as determined in a single-feature recall task. These data do not support the view that features are remembered independently when attention is withdrawn. Instead, integrated objects are stored in visual working memory without need for continued attention.
整合后的物体是视觉工作记忆的容量单位，还是需要持续注意来维持独立存储特征之间的绑定关系呢？在一项延迟回忆任务中，参与者报告记忆阵列中探测项目的颜色和形状。在延迟期间，通过外部线索来操控注意力。在有效提示位置的回忆率有所提高，表明该线索影响了项目记忆。在无效试验中，参与者最常回忆起两个特征（完美物体记忆）或者两个特征都回忆不起来（无物体记忆）；仅回忆起一个特征的频率显著低于单特征回忆任务中确定的特征独立性所预测的频率。这些数据不支持这样的观点，即当注意力撤离时，特征是被独立记忆的。相反，整合后的物体存储在视觉工作记忆中，无需持续注意。
