Petrocelli John V, Tormala Zakary L, Rucker Derek D
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 Jan;92(1):30-41. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.1.30.
Attitude certainty has been the subject of considerable attention in the attitudes and persuasion literature. The present research identifies 2 aspects of attitude certainty and provides evidence for the distinctness of the constructs. Specifically, it is proposed that attitude certainty can be conceptualized, and empirically separated, in terms of attitude clarity (the subjective sense that one knows what one's attitude is) and attitude correctness (the subjective sense that one's attitude is correct or valid). Experiment 1 uses factor analysis and correlational data to provide evidence for viewing attitude clarity and attitude correctness as separate constructs. Experiments 2 and 3 demonstrate that attitude clarity and attitude correctness can have distinct antecedents (repeated expression and consensus feedback, respectively). Experiment 4 reveals that these constructs each play an independent role in persuasion and resistance situations. As clarity and correctness increase, attitudes become more resistant to counterattitudinal persuasive messages. These findings are discussed in relation to the existing attitude strength literature.
在态度与说服领域的文献中，态度确定性一直备受关注。本研究确定了态度确定性的两个方面，并为这些构念的独特性提供了证据。具体而言，研究提出态度确定性可以从态度清晰度（即个体知道自己态度是什么的主观感受）和态度正确性（即个体觉得自己的态度是正确或有效的主观感受）方面进行概念化，并通过实证加以区分。实验1运用因素分析和相关数据，为将态度清晰度和态度正确性视为不同的构念提供了证据。实验2和实验3表明，态度清晰度和态度正确性可能有不同的前因（分别为重复表达和共识反馈）。实验4揭示，这些构念在说服和抵制情境中各自发挥独立作用。随着清晰度和正确性的提高，态度对反态度说服性信息的抵抗力增强。本文将结合现有的态度强度文献对这些发现进行讨论。
