Blankenship Kevin L, Kane Kelly A, Machacek Marielle G
Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2022 Nov 10;13:975864. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.975864. eCollection 2022.
Three studies examined how the perception that one's attitudes are based in values affects attitude clarity and correctness. Specifically, perceiving that one's attitude is based in important values increases attitude clarity (the subjective sense that one knows one's attitude) but not attitude correctness (the subjective sense that the attitude is correct). To test this, participants read a counterattitudinal message and were given feedback about the basis of their attitude. Relative to participants who learned that their attitudes were weakly based in values, participants who were told that their attitudes were strongly based in values reported greater attitude clarity than correctness (Study 1). Similarly, increases in attitude clarity from having an attitude based in values increased the perception that participants effortfully processed the message (Studies 2 and 3), the belief that participants more successfully resisted the message, and participants' intentions to act on the attitude.
三项研究探讨了认为自己的态度基于价值观这一认知如何影响态度的清晰度和正确性。具体而言，认为自己的态度基于重要价值观会提高态度的清晰度（即个人知道自己态度的主观感受），但不会提高态度的正确性（即认为态度正确的主观感受）。为了验证这一点，参与者阅读了一条与自己态度相悖的信息，并得到了关于其态度依据的反馈。与那些得知自己的态度在价值观方面基础薄弱的参与者相比，被告知自己的态度在价值观方面基础坚实的参与者报告的态度清晰度高于正确性（研究1）。同样，基于价值观的态度所带来的态度清晰度的提高，增加了参与者努力处理信息的认知（研究2和研究3）、参与者更成功抵制该信息的信念，以及参与者根据该态度采取行动的意图。
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