Gatoria I S, Saini N S, Rai T S, Dwivedi P N
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, and Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Guru Angad Dev and Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India.
J Small Anim Pract. 2006 Dec;47(12):727-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2006.00169.x.
To identify an appropriate sampling technique(s) to accurately detect the bacteria causing urinary tract infections in dogs with urolithiasis.
Twenty-one dogs with urolithiasis were included in the study. Three types of samples were taken from each dog. Urine was collected by cystocentesis, and a urinary bladder mucosal biopsy and urolith were retrieved during cystotomy. The samples were then cultured on blood agar and MacConkey's agar to identify the bacteria associated with urinary tract infections.
Bacterial urinary tract infection was found in 16 cases (76.19 per cent). The most prevalent bacteria found to cause urinary tract infection were Escherichia coli (n=7), followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus species (n=4), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=2), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=2) and Proteus mirabilis (n=1). In the case of a positive urine culture, the same bacteria were also cultured from the urinary bladder mucosal biopsy alone or from both the urinary bladder mucosal biopsy and urolith. However, in the case of a negative urine culture, bacteria were found to be present in the urinary bladder mucosal biopsy or urolith cultures in 23.81 per cent of dogs. The uroliths that gave positive culture results were either infection-induced uroliths composed of struvite and calcium carbonate phosphate, ammonium acid urate only or metabolic uroliths composed of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate, or calcium phosphate only. All the uroliths that gave negative culture results were metabolic uroliths composed of calcium oxalate and/or calcium phosphate, and uric acid and calcium phosphate.
When the culture from the urine obtained by cystocentesis is negative, cultures of urinary bladder mucosal biopsy and urolith are recommended in dogs with urolithiasis in order to accurately assess the microbiological status of the urinary tract.
确定一种合适的采样技术，以准确检测患有尿石症的犬只引起尿路感染的细菌。
21只患有尿石症的犬只纳入本研究。每只犬采集三种类型的样本。通过膀胱穿刺采集尿液，在膀胱切开术期间获取膀胱黏膜活检组织和尿石。然后将样本接种于血琼脂和麦康凯琼脂上，以鉴定与尿路感染相关的细菌。
16例（76.19%）发现细菌性尿路感染。导致尿路感染最常见的细菌是大肠杆菌（n = 7），其次是凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌属（n = 4）、肺炎克雷伯菌（n = 2）、铜绿假单胞菌（n = 2）和奇异变形杆菌（n = 1）。尿培养阳性的情况下，仅从膀胱黏膜活检组织或同时从膀胱黏膜活检组织和尿石中培养出相同的细菌。然而，尿培养阴性的情况下，则有23.81%的犬只在膀胱黏膜活检组织或尿石培养物中发现细菌。培养结果为阳性的尿石是由鸟粪石和碳酸钙磷酸盐、仅尿酸铵组成的感染性尿石，或由草酸钙和磷酸钙或仅磷酸钙组成的代谢性尿石。所有培养结果为阴性的尿石均是由草酸钙和/或磷酸钙、尿酸和磷酸钙组成的代谢性尿石。
对于患有尿石症的犬只，当通过膀胱穿刺获取的尿液培养结果为阴性时，建议进行膀胱黏膜活检组织和尿石的培养，以便准确评估尿路的微生物学状况。
