Edde P A, Phillips T W
Oklahoma State University, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 127 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Bull Entomol Res. 2006 Dec;96(6):547-54. doi: 10.1017/ber2006456.
Information on longevity and on the effect of ageing on pheromone signalling in Bostrichidae infesting stored products is important because pheromones play a crucial role in mediating aggregation by the species in storages. The longevity of starved and unstarved Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) were determined at 28+/-1 degrees C, 65+/-2% RH and L12:D12 cycle. Additionally, the effects of ageing on rate of pheromone emission were investigated in R. dominica by comparing emission rates of the aggregation pheromones Dominicalure-1 (DL1) and Dominicalure-2 (DL2) released by adult males ranging from 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 weeks of age. Mean survival time of starved male and female P. truncatus was 8.6+/-0.6 and 9.1+/-0.4 days, respectively. Starved R. dominica males lived for 5.7+/-0.2 days, and females for 4.7+/-0.1 days. However, mean survival times were not significantly different for starved males vs. females of either species. Mean survival time of unstarved male and female P. truncatus was 27.5+/-2.0 and 18.0+/-3.3 weeks, respectively, and for unstarved male and female R. dominica was 26.1+/-2.8 and 16.7+/-2.9 weeks, respectively. Difference in mean survival times of unstarved males vs. females in both P. truncatus and R. dominica were significant. Between species, no significant difference was observed in mean survival time between unstarved males of P. truncatus or R. dominica, nor between females of both species. Rate of pheromone emission in R. dominica was higher when the insects were relatively young (4, 8 and 12 weeks old), but declined by almost 55% in treatments where the insect were at about 24 or 48 weeks old, suggesting that recruitment potential of R. dominica might reduce substantially as the insects age.
了解长蠹科蛀食储藏物昆虫的寿命以及衰老对其信息素信号传导的影响非常重要，因为信息素在介导该物种在储藏环境中的聚集方面起着关键作用。在28±1摄氏度、相对湿度65±2%以及12小时光照:12小时黑暗的周期条件下，测定了饥饿和未饥饿的截尾扁谷盗（Prostephanus truncatus (Horn)）及谷蠹（Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius)）的寿命。此外，通过比较4周、8周、12周、24周和48周龄成年雄虫释放聚集信息素多米尼卡诱剂-1（DL1）和多米尼卡诱剂-2（DL2）的释放速率，研究了衰老对谷蠹信息素释放速率的影响。饥饿状态下，截尾扁谷盗雄虫和雌虫的平均存活时间分别为8.6±0.6天和9.1±0.4天。饥饿的谷蠹雄虫存活5.7±0.2天，雌虫存活4.7±0.1天。然而，对于这两个物种，饥饿的雄虫和雌虫的平均存活时间并无显著差异。未饥饿的截尾扁谷盗雄虫和雌虫的平均存活时间分别为27.5±2.0周和18.0±3.3周，未饥饿的谷蠹雄虫和雌虫的平均存活时间分别为26.1±2.8周和16.7±2.9周。截尾扁谷盗和谷蠹中，未饥饿的雄虫和雌虫平均存活时间的差异均显著。在这两个物种之间，未饥饿的截尾扁谷盗雄虫或谷蠹雄虫的平均存活时间，以及两个物种雌虫的平均存活时间均未观察到显著差异。谷蠹在相对年轻（4周、8周和12周龄）时信息素释放速率较高，但在昆虫约24周或48周龄的处理中，释放速率下降了近55%，这表明随着昆虫年龄增长，谷蠹的聚集潜能可能会大幅降低。
