Thorlacius Sigurethur, Stefánsson Sigurjón B, Olafsson Stefán
Laeknabladid. 2007 Jan;93(1):11-4.
To determine the size and main medical and social characteristics of the group of individuals receiving disability benefits in Iceland in December 2005.
The study includes all those receiving disability benefits in Iceland on December 1st 2005 as ascertained by the disability register at the State Social Security Institute of Iceland classified by gender, age and place of residence. Similar information was obtained on the Icelandic population. The prevalence of disability pension was calculated.
On December 1st 2005 the prevalence of disability pension was 8.6% for females (8.0% for the higher and 0.6% for the lower pension level) and 5.5% for males (5.2% for the higher and 0.3% for the lower pension level). For females the prevalence of disability was lower in the capital region than in other regions, but this was not the case for males. The prevalence of disability increased with age. On the whole disability was more common among females than males. Mental and behavioural disorders and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue were the most prevalent causes of disability.
The prevailing trend over the last decade of increasing disability in Iceland has continued. Iceland appears to lag behind the other Nordic countries in the use of vocational rehabilitation and labour marked activation to prevent disability. Ample opportunities to slow down this trend are therefore available by greater emphasis on such measures.
确定2005年12月冰岛领取残疾福利金人群的规模及其主要医学和社会特征。
该研究涵盖了2005年12月1日冰岛所有领取残疾福利金的人员，这些人员由冰岛国家社会保障局的残疾登记册确定，并按性别、年龄和居住地点进行分类。同时获取了冰岛人口的类似信息，并计算了残疾抚恤金的患病率。
2005年12月1日，女性残疾抚恤金患病率为8.6%（较高抚恤金水平为8.0%，较低抚恤金水平为0.6%），男性为5.5%（较高抚恤金水平为5.2%，较低抚恤金水平为0.3%）。女性的残疾患病率在首都地区低于其他地区，但男性并非如此。残疾患病率随年龄增长而上升。总体而言，女性残疾比男性更为常见。精神和行为障碍以及肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病是导致残疾的最常见原因。
冰岛过去十年中残疾人数不断增加的普遍趋势仍在持续。冰岛在利用职业康复和劳动力市场激活措施预防残疾方面似乎落后于其他北欧国家。因此，通过更加强调这些措施，有充分的机会减缓这一趋势。
