Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland.
Eur J Public Health. 2012 Feb;22(1):96-101. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckq186. Epub 2010 Dec 22.
The study was carried out in order to examine the effect of unemployment on the incidence of disability pension in Iceland by examining changes in this relationship from 1992 to 2007.
The annual incidence of disability pension for the period 1992-2007 was calculated. Correlations and significance tests for the relationship between unemployment rates and disability pension incidence rates were calculated. The relationship was examined for different disease groups.
Two big fluctuations occurred in the unemployment rate during the study period with an upswing in unemployment from 1993 to 1995 and in 2002 and 2003. In both cases, there were corresponding increases in the incidence of disability pension. The incidence of disability pension declined again when the level of unemployment went down, even though not to the same extent.
Health and mental and physical capability determine the overall incidence of disability pension, but marginal fluctuations over time seem to be related to environmental conditions in the labour market, especially the unemployment rate. The observed disability pension incidence pattern in the two unemployment cycles of the study period indicates mainly that people with impaired health are forced out of the labour market in times of increasing unemployment rather than pointing towards a negative effect of unemployment on health. Our findings indicate that there is a need to strengthen the vocational rehabilitation system in Iceland as well as the support system for employment and social participation.
本研究旨在通过考察 1992 年至 2007 年期间这一关系的变化，研究失业对冰岛残疾抚恤金发放发生率的影响。
计算了 1992-2007 年期间残疾抚恤金发放的年度发生率。计算了失业率与残疾抚恤金发放发生率之间关系的相关性和显著性检验。还对不同疾病组进行了关系研究。
在研究期间，失业率出现了两次大的波动，1993 年至 1995 年和 2002 年至 2003 年失业率上升。在这两种情况下，残疾抚恤金发放的发生率都相应增加。尽管程度不及失业率下降时，但当失业率下降时，残疾抚恤金发放的发生率再次下降。
健康和身心能力决定了残疾抚恤金发放的总体发生率，但随着时间的推移，边际波动似乎与劳动力市场的环境条件有关，特别是失业率。研究期间两个失业周期中观察到的残疾抚恤金发放模式主要表明，在失业率上升时，健康状况受损的人被迫离开劳动力市场，而不是表明失业对健康有负面影响。我们的研究结果表明，冰岛需要加强职业康复系统以及就业和社会参与支持系统。
