Forys Kelly L, Dahlquist Lynnda M
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Health Psychol. 2007 Jan;26(1):22-9. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.26.1.22.
To evaluate the effects of matching an individual's coping style (low, mixed, or high monitoring) to an appropriate cognitive strategy (distraction or sensation monitoring) to improve pain management.
This study used a split-plot factorial design in a laboratory setting.
Main outcomes were pain threshold, pain tolerance, pain intensity, pain affect, and anxiety.
The results of the 2 x 3 x 3 (Experimental Condition x Coping Style x Trial) analysis of variance (ANOVA) interaction were significant for pain threshold scores, F(4, 178) = 2.95, p < .01. Low monitors in the matched distraction trial had higher pain threshold scores than during baseline, t(15) = -2.68, p = .017, and the mismatched sensation monitoring trial, t(15) = 2.80, p = .014. High monitors' pain threshold scores were higher than baseline only during the matched sensation monitoring trial, t(27) = -2.75, p = .010. The results of the 2 x 3 x 3 ANOVA interaction were not significant for pain tolerance scores; however, when the mixed monitors were excluded, the 3-way interaction was significant, F(2, 124) = 3.48, p < .05. The results were nonsignificant for pain intensity, pain affect, and anxiety.
Results demonstrate that matching coping style to the appropriate cognitive strategy is important for improving pain threshold and pain tolerance; however, matching did not reduce pain intensity, pain affect, or anxiety. Future studies should explore the explanation for differential responses of high and low monitors and should test these hypotheses in a clinical setting.
评估将个体的应对方式（低、混合或高监控）与适当的认知策略（分散注意力或感觉监控）相匹配对改善疼痛管理的效果。
本研究在实验室环境中采用裂区析因设计。
主要观察指标为疼痛阈值、疼痛耐受力、疼痛强度、疼痛情感和焦虑。
2×3×3（实验条件×应对方式×试验）方差分析（ANOVA）交互作用的结果在疼痛阈值评分方面具有显著性，F(4, 178) = 2.95，p <.01。在匹配的分散注意力试验中，低监控者的疼痛阈值评分高于基线时，t(15) = -2.68，p =.017，且高于不匹配的感觉监控试验，t(15) = 2.80，p =.014。高监控者的疼痛阈值评分仅在匹配的感觉监控试验期间高于基线，t(27) = -2.75，p =.010。2×3×3 ANOVA交互作用的结果在疼痛耐受力评分方面不具有显著性；然而，当排除混合监控者时，三因素交互作用具有显著性，F(2, 124) = 3.48，p <.05。在疼痛强度、疼痛情感和焦虑方面结果不具有显著性。
结果表明，将应对方式与适当的认知策略相匹配对于提高疼痛阈值和疼痛耐受力很重要；然而，匹配并未降低疼痛强度、疼痛情感或焦虑。未来的研究应探索高监控者和低监控者不同反应的原因，并应在临床环境中检验这些假设。
