Department of Psychology and Counselling, University of Greenwich, London, SE9 2UG, UK.
Eur J Pain. 2012 Mar;16(3):410-20. doi: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2011.00028.x. Epub 2011 Dec 19.
While previous research has indicated that the relative efficacy of attentional strategies on pain may be influenced by anxiety sensitivity (AS) and sex, no study appears to have examined this within the context of an emotion-focus versus distraction paradigm. The present study compared the effect of attentional emotion-focus and distraction instructions on pain response with noxious heat stimulation in 114 healthy adults (62 women and 52 men) varying in levels of AS. Results indicated that men reported a significantly higher mean tolerance time than women. Moderated regression analysis also revealed a significant strategy × anxiety sensitivity × sex interaction on pain tolerance. For those low in AS, relative efficacy was dependent upon sex, with distraction superior to emotion-focusing in women, but with strategies equivalent in men. For those high in AS, however, distraction resulted in uniformly greater pain tolerance than attentional emotion-focusing. These results indicate that AS and sex may be influential in determining the relative effectiveness of distraction and emotion-based attentional strategies for pain management.
虽然先前的研究表明，注意力策略对疼痛的相对疗效可能受到焦虑敏感度 (AS) 和性别的影响，但似乎没有研究在情绪聚焦与分心范式的背景下对此进行过检验。本研究比较了在有或无焦虑敏感度的 114 名健康成年人（62 名女性和 52 名男性）中，注意力情绪聚焦和分心指令对疼痛反应的影响，他们的疼痛反应是由热刺激引起的。结果表明，男性的平均耐受时间明显高于女性。调节回归分析还显示，疼痛耐受力存在策略×焦虑敏感度×性别交互作用。对于那些 AS 水平较低的人来说，相对疗效取决于性别，分心策略对女性的效果优于情绪聚焦策略，但对男性来说，两种策略的效果相当。然而，对于那些 AS 水平较高的人来说，分心策略导致的疼痛耐受力普遍大于注意力情绪聚焦策略。这些结果表明，AS 和性别可能会影响分散注意力和基于情绪的注意力策略在疼痛管理中的相对有效性。
