Lowenstein D I, Rusek A
Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
Radiat Environ Biophys. 2007 Jun;46(2):91-4. doi: 10.1007/s00411-006-0084-x. Epub 2007 Jan 9.
The NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) located at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is a center for space radiation research in both the life and physical sciences. BNL is a multidisciplinary research facility operated for the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy (DOE). The BNL scientific research portfolio supports a large and diverse science and technology program including research in nuclear and high-energy physics, material science, chemistry, biology, medial science, and nuclear safeguards and security. NSRL, in operation since July 2003, is an accelerator-based facility which provides particle beams for radiobiology and physics studies (Lowenstein in Phys Med 17(supplement 1):26-29 2001). The program focus is to measure the risks and to ameliorate the effects of radiation encountered in space, both in low earth orbit and extended missions beyond the earth. The particle beams are produced by the Booster synchrotron, an accelerator that makes up part of the injector sequence of the DOE nuclear physics program's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Ion species from protons to gold are presently available, at energies ranging from <100 to >1,000 MeV/n. The NSRL facility has recently brought into operation the ability to rapidly switch species and beam energy to supply a varied spectrum onto a given specimen. A summary of past operation performance, plans for future operations and recent and planned hardware upgrades will be described.
位于布鲁克海文国家实验室（BNL）的美国国家航空航天局太空辐射实验室（NSRL）是生命科学和物理科学领域的太空辐射研究中心。BNL是一个为美国能源部（DOE）科学办公室运营的多学科研究设施。BNL的科研项目组合支持着一个庞大且多样的科学技术项目，包括核物理与高能物理、材料科学、化学、生物学、医学以及核保障与安全等方面的研究。NSRL自2003年7月开始运行，是一个基于加速器的设施，为放射生物学和物理学研究提供粒子束（洛温斯坦，《物理医学》17（增刊1）：26 - 29，2001年）。该项目的重点是测量在低地球轨道以及地球以外的长期任务中遇到的太空辐射风险，并减轻其影响。粒子束由助推同步加速器产生，该加速器是DOE核物理项目相对论重离子对撞机注入器序列的一部分。目前可提供从质子到金的各种离子种类，能量范围从<100到>1000 MeV/n。NSRL设施最近开始具备快速切换离子种类和束流能量的能力，以便为给定样本提供多样化的能谱。将描述过去的运行性能总结、未来运行计划以及近期和计划中的硬件升级情况。
