Developing and testing of an Egyptian version of Children's Health Locus of Control scale.

The purpose of this study is to develop and test the reliability and validity of an Egyptian version of the Children's Health Locus of Control scale. A cross sectional study design was applied using a stratified random sample of 930 students from the final two grades of primary and all grades of the preparatory schools. A further convenience sample of 120 students was selected to examine test-retest reliability of the scale. A preliminary instrument was developed and consisted of 40 statements having one of two response forms; a Yes/No format and a 4-point Likert scale format From data analysis the later format showed higher validity and reliability than the former one. Construct validity of the scale is evidenced by the factor analysis which revealed five factors (Internal, Chance, Powerful Others, Fate and Self blame) consistent with the previous theoretical model of HLC. As indicated by eta coefficient the scale and the subscales showed strong discriminating power between subjects. The known group comparison indicated a good criterion validity of the scale and the subscales. The scale showed a considerable reliability as alpha coefficient was 0.73 with test-retest reliability of 0.65. Comparison of different groups of students indicated that the scale could be used with confidence for all age groups, though it was more reliable for the preparatory phase, for private and governmental schools for males and females and for different social strata. Further testing of the developed scale is indicated among Egyptian children in different cultures.