Gałecki Piotr, Pietras Tadeusz, Szemraj Janusz
Klinika Psychiatrii Dorosłych, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lodzi.
Psychiatr Pol. 2006 Sep-Oct;40(5):937-48.
Tardive dyskinesias (TD) are serious side effect symptoms appearing in the course of many years' neuroleptic treatment. On average, TD appear in 20% patients who take neuroleptics chronically. The free radical hypothesis of tardive dyskinesias assumes that they come into existence due to cholinergic neuron damage in the extra-pyramidal system by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) plays a key role in protection against ROS.
The aim of this study was to evaluate functional gene polymorphism for MnSOD in schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesias presence.
122 paranoid schizophrenia patients were invited to paticipate in the study. TD symptoms were observed in 57 people. The evaluation was performed by applying the PANSS scale, while TD increase was evaluated with the AIMS scale.
Statistical association in allele incidence frequency (p < 0.001) and in a genotype layout was observed between the control group and the schizophrenic group (p < 0.001), and also in a genotype layout between the TD group and the control group (p < 0.001). Allele layout also differentiated the control group and the TD symptoms group (p < 0.05). Relative risk for developing schizophrenia and TD development depends on the genotype in the gene for MnSOD.
In the Polish population there is a statistically substantial association between schizophrenia incidence and the Val-9Val genotype in a gene for MnSOD. Schizophrenic patients having a Val-9Val genotype in the gene for MnSOD have nearly a ten times higher risk for developing TD than schizophrenics not having this genotype. Risk for developing schizophrenia for people having the Val-9Val genotype in the gene for MnSOD is over three times higher than for people lacking this genotype.
迟发性运动障碍（TD）是在多年抗精神病药物治疗过程中出现的严重副作用症状。平均而言，20%长期服用抗精神病药物的患者会出现TD。迟发性运动障碍的自由基假说认为，它们是由于锥体外系中的胆碱能神经元被活性氧（ROS）损伤而产生的。锰超氧化物歧化酶（MnSOD）在抵御ROS方面起关键作用。
本研究的目的是评估存在迟发性运动障碍的精神分裂症患者中MnSOD的功能基因多态性。
邀请122例偏执型精神分裂症患者参与研究。57人观察到TD症状。使用PANSS量表进行评估，同时用AIMS量表评估TD的严重程度。
在对照组和精神分裂症组之间观察到等位基因发生率频率（p < 0.001）和基因型分布的统计学关联（p < 0.001），在TD组和对照组之间的基因型分布也存在统计学关联（p < 0.001）。等位基因分布也区分了对照组和TD症状组（p < 0.05）。患精神分裂症和TD的相对风险取决于MnSOD基因中的基因型。
在波兰人群中，精神分裂症发病率与MnSOD基因中的Val-9Val基因型之间存在统计学上的显著关联。MnSOD基因中具有Val-9Val基因型的精神分裂症患者发生TD的风险比没有这种基因型的精神分裂症患者高近十倍。MnSOD基因中具有Val-9Val基因型的人患精神分裂症的风险比缺乏这种基因型的人高超过三倍。
