Cornett Elyse M, Novitch Matthew, Kaye Alan David, Kata Vijay, Kaye Adam M
Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA.
Medical College of Wisconsin, Wausau, WI.
Ochsner J. 2017 Summer;17(2):162-174.
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a movement disorder that causes involuntary, repetitive body movements and is commonly seen in patients who are on long-term treatment with antipsychotic medications. However, several other classes of medications with different mechanisms are also associated with TD.
We conducted a PubMed search using keywords and combined word searches that involved medication-induced TD, as well as agents that are associated with causing or are used to treat medication-induced TD. We attempted to include as many recent (publication date of 2015 and later) articles as possible.
The reported incidence of TD seems to be reduced with the use of atypical antipsychotic drugs, yet the risk of developing TD remains with these medications. Furthermore, several other medication classes have a high prevalence of TD and yet are not commonly considered to be TD-inducing. This review highlights the need for a prevention-based focus of TD treatment that starts with a clinical consideration of pharmacologic choices related to each individual patient's history.
This review offers the information current as of 2016 on the pathophysiology, etiology, and epidemiology of TD, as well as the medications associated with TD, mechanisms of medication-induced TD, and treatments for medication-induced TD.
迟发性运动障碍（TD）是一种导致不自主、重复性身体运动的运动障碍，常见于长期接受抗精神病药物治疗的患者。然而，其他几类作用机制不同的药物也与TD有关。
我们使用关键词和组合词搜索在PubMed上进行了检索，检索内容涉及药物性TD以及与导致或用于治疗药物性TD相关的药物。我们试图纳入尽可能多的近期（2015年及以后发表）文章。
使用非典型抗精神病药物时，TD的报告发病率似乎有所降低，但使用这些药物时仍有发生TD的风险。此外，其他几类药物中TD的患病率很高，但通常不被认为会诱发TD。本综述强调了TD治疗需要以预防为重点，从根据每位患者的病史对药物选择进行临床考虑开始。
本综述提供了截至2016年关于TD的病理生理学、病因学和流行病学的信息，以及与TD相关的药物、药物性TD的机制和药物性TD的治疗方法。
