Rodway George W, Windsor Jeremy S
College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, 1585 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Wilderness Environ Med. 2006 Winter;17(4):271-5. doi: 10.1580/pr36-05.1.
Despite the presence of a number of anecdotal reports in the mountaineering literature, mucociliary dysfunction at high altitude has received little scientific attention. However, the dry, cold, thin air at high altitude has the potential to undermine normal mucociliary function. This seems increasingly likely in mountaineers who also experience dehydration, nasal obstruction, and extremes of aerobic respiration when climbing in such environments. These factors may result in a number of clinical conditions that range from sore throats and coughs commonly seen at altitude to rarer cases of bronchiolar collapse and lung atelectasis. The purpose of this review is to discuss the etiology of mucociliary dysfunction at altitude and outline a number of potential solutions to the problems this phenomenon presents.
尽管登山文献中有许多轶事报道，但高海拔地区的黏液纤毛功能障碍很少受到科学关注。然而，高海拔地区干燥、寒冷、稀薄的空气有可能破坏正常的黏液纤毛功能。对于在这种环境中攀登时还会经历脱水、鼻塞和剧烈有氧呼吸的登山者来说，这种情况似乎越来越有可能发生。这些因素可能导致一系列临床病症，从高海拔地区常见的喉咙痛和咳嗽到细支气管塌陷和肺不张等罕见病例。本综述的目的是讨论高海拔地区黏液纤毛功能障碍的病因，并概述针对这一现象所带来问题的一些潜在解决方案。
