Gauci C, Gilles H, O'brien S, Mamo J, Stabile I, Ruggeri F M, Gatt A, Calleja N, Spiteri G
Disease Surveillance Unit, Department of Public Health, Malta.
Epidemiol Infect. 2007 Nov;135(8):1282-9. doi: 10.1017/S0950268806007795. Epub 2007 Jan 15.
Routine sources of information on infectious intestinal disease (IID) capture a fraction of the actual disease burden. Population studies are required to measure the burden of illness. A retrospective age-stratified cross-sectional telephone study was carried out in Malta in order to estimate the magnitude and distribution of IID at population level. A random sample of 3504 persons was interviewed by a structured questionnaire between April 2004 and December 2005. The response rate was 99.7%. From the study, the observed standardized monthly prevalence was 3.18% (95% CI 0.7-5.74) with 0.421 (95% CI 0.092-0.771) episodes of IID per person per year. The monthly prevalence was higher in the <5 years age group and in females aged 31-44 years. The mean duration of illness was 6.8 days and a median duration of 3 days. A bimodal seasonal distribution was observed with peaks in June-July and October-November.
关于感染性肠道疾病（IID）的常规信息来源仅涵盖了实际疾病负担的一部分。需要开展人群研究来衡量疾病负担。为了估计马耳他人群层面IID的规模和分布情况，开展了一项回顾性年龄分层横断面电话研究。在2004年4月至2005年12月期间，通过结构化问卷对3504人进行了随机抽样访谈。应答率为99.7%。从该研究中观察到的标准化月患病率为3.18%（95%置信区间0.7 - 5.74），每人每年发生IID的次数为0.421（95%置信区间0.092 - 0.771）。月患病率在5岁以下年龄组以及31 - 44岁女性中较高。疾病的平均持续时间为6.8天，中位数持续时间为3天。观察到双峰季节性分布，高峰出现在6 - 7月和10 - 11月。
