Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) Consensus Working Panel: executive summary.

With the advances made in radiology and cardiology, greater numbers of patients are expected to undergo exposure to iodinated contrast media in the years to come. Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) accounts for a significant number of cases of hospital-acquired renal failure, with adverse effects on prognosis and healthcare costs. The CIN Consensus Working Panel is an international multidisciplinary group convened to address the challenges of CIN. The group reviewed 865 published papers, chosen for potential relevance from a comprehensive literature search that identified over 4000 references. The results were used to compile reviews covering the epidemiology and pathogenesis of CIN, baseline renal function measurement, risk assessment, identification of high-risk patients, contrast medium use, and preventive strategies. In this executive summary, consensus statements and an algorithm for the risk stratification and management of CIN are presented.