Castillo Diego, Güell Rosa, Casan Pere
Departamento de Neumología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
Arch Bronconeumol. 2007 Jan;43(1):40-5. doi: 10.1016/s1579-2129(07)60019-6.
Oxygen-conserving devices include transtracheal catheters, reservoir cannulas, and demand oxygen delivery systems. They are designed to extend the amount of time portable oxygen cylinders will last and correct hypoxemia with a lower flow of oxygen. Transtracheal catheters increase the fraction of inspired oxygen by delivering oxygen directly to the trachea, bypassing the dead space of the oropharynx and improving the efficiency of the upper airway as a reservoir. Reservoir cannulas increase the fraction of inspired oxygen at the beginning of the inspiratory phase. Demand oxygen delivery systems have a valve that is activated during inspiration, meaning that oxygen is only delivered during this stage of the respiratory cycle. Each system has advantages and disadvantages arising from differing design features. Prescription should be based on individual tests in all cases to ensure optimal oxygen delivery during rest, exercise, and sleep.
氧保存装置包括经气管导管、储氧面罩和按需输氧系统。它们旨在延长便携式氧气瓶的使用时间，并以较低的氧流量纠正低氧血症。经气管导管通过将氧气直接输送到气管，绕过口咽的无效腔，并提高上呼吸道作为储氧器的效率，从而增加吸入氧分数。储氧面罩在吸气阶段开始时增加吸入氧分数。按需输氧系统有一个在吸气时启动的阀门，这意味着氧气仅在呼吸周期的这个阶段输送。每个系统由于不同的设计特点都有优缺点。在所有情况下，处方都应基于个体测试，以确保在休息、运动和睡眠期间实现最佳的氧气输送。
