Malamed Stanley F
University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
J Calif Dent Assoc. 2006 Dec;34(12):971-6.
Local anesthetics are the safest most effective drugs in medicine for the control and management of pain. They also represent the most important drugs in dentistry. Today, dentistry has a spectrum of local anesthetics that permit pain control to be tailored to the specific needs of the patient: short-, intermediate-, and long-acting drugs. Bupivacaine has become a standard part of the armamentarium for postsurgical pain control while articaine has become the second-most used local anesthetic in the United States since its introduction in 2000. Despite an increase in anecdotal reports of paresthesia since articaine's introduction there is yet, no supporting scientific evidence.
局部麻醉药是医学上用于控制和管理疼痛最安全、最有效的药物。它们也是牙科领域最重要的药物。如今,牙科领域有一系列局部麻醉药,可根据患者的具体需求进行疼痛控制:短效、中效和长效药物。布比卡因已成为术后疼痛控制药物储备中的标准组成部分,而阿替卡因自2000年引入美国以来,已成为第二大常用的局部麻醉药。尽管自阿替卡因引入以来,感觉异常的轶事报道有所增加,但尚无支持性的科学证据。