Bergogne-Berezin E
Department of Microbiology, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, Paris, France.
Drugs. 1991;42 Suppl 3:25-33. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199100423-00007.
Cefpodoxime proxetil is a new third generation oral cephalosporin, which shows potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and high stability in the presence of beta-lactamases. Low concentrations of cefpodoxime inhibit most respiratory pathogens, including Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. Cefpodoxime reaches concentrations of 0.24 +/- 0.06 mg/kg in tonsils, 0.89 +/- 0.80 mg/kg in lung parenchyma, and 0.91 +/- 0.01 mg/kg in bronchial mucosa; these values exceed by far the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cefpodoxime for respiratory pathogens. Preliminary clinical studies were carried out in 181 patients with upper respiratory tract infections: the results indicated an overall clinical response in 88.4% of patients; in 30% the clinical efficacy was excellent and in 58.5% it was good. Further studies showed clinical cure in 90.3% of patients with pharyngotonsillitis, and clinical efficacy (cure plus improvement) in 95% of those with acute sinusitis. Moreover, bacterial eradication was obtained in 78 to 96.7% of cases, most of which involved H. influenzae, streptococci, or M. catarrhalis. Cefpodoxime appears to be an effective new antibacterial that can be recommended as a drug of first choice in the treatment of most upper respiratory tract infections.
头孢泊肟酯是一种新型第三代口服头孢菌素，对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌均显示出强大的抗菌活性，并且在β-内酰胺酶存在的情况下具有高度稳定性。低浓度的头孢泊肟可抑制大多数呼吸道病原体，包括流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌和卡他莫拉菌（卡他布兰汉菌）。头孢泊肟在扁桃体中的浓度达到0.24±0.06mg/kg，在肺实质中为0.89±0.80mg/kg，在支气管黏膜中为0.91±0.01mg/kg；这些值远远超过头孢泊肟对呼吸道病原体的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。对181例上呼吸道感染患者进行了初步临床研究：结果显示88.4%的患者有总体临床反应；30%的患者临床疗效极佳，58.5%的患者疗效良好。进一步研究表明，90.3%的咽炎扁桃体炎患者临床治愈，95%的急性鼻窦炎患者临床有效（治愈加好转）。此外，78%至96.7%的病例实现了细菌清除，其中大多数涉及流感嗜血杆菌、链球菌或卡他莫拉菌。头孢泊肟似乎是一种有效的新型抗菌药物，可推荐作为治疗大多数上呼吸道感染的首选药物。
