Marchioni Dirce Maria Lobo, Fisberg Regina Mara, Francisco de Góis Filho José, Kowalski Luiz Paulo, Brasilino de Carvalho Marcos, Abrahão Márcio, Latorre Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira, Eluf-Neto José, Wünsch Filho Victor
Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2007 Feb;41(1):19-26. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102007000100004.
To analyze the association between dietary patterns and oral cancer.
The study, part of a Latin American multicenter hospital-based case-control study, was conducted in São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, between November 1998 and March 2002 and included 366 incident cases of oral cancer and 469 controls, frequency-matched with cases by sex and age. Dietary data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire. The risk associated with the intake of food groups defined a posteriori, through factor analysis (called factors), was assessed. The first factor, labeled "prudent," was characterized by the intake of vegetables, fruit, cheese, and poultry. The second factor, "traditional," consisted of the intake of rice, pasta, pulses, and meat. The third factor, "snacks," was characterized as the intake of bread, butter, salami, cheese, cakes, and desserts. The fourth, "monotonous," was inversely associated with the intake of fruit, vegetables and most other food items. Factor scores for each component retained were calculated for cases and controls. After categorization of factor scores into tertiles according to the distribution of controls, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using unconditional multiple logistic regression.
"Traditional" factor showed an inverse association with cancer (OR=0.51; 95% CI: 0.32; 0.81, p-value for trend 0.14), whereas "monotonous" was positively associated with the outcome (OR=1.78; 95% CI: 1.78; 2.85, p-value for trend <0.001).
The study data suggest that the traditional Brazilian diet, consisting of rice and beans plus moderate amounts of meat, may confer protection against oral cancer, independently of any other risk factors such as alcohol intake and smoking.
分析饮食模式与口腔癌之间的关联。
该研究是拉丁美洲多中心医院病例对照研究的一部分，于1998年11月至2002年3月在巴西东南部的圣保罗进行，纳入了366例口腔癌新发病例和469例对照，对照按性别和年龄与病例进行频率匹配。使用食物频率问卷收集饮食数据。通过因子分析（称为因子）评估与事后定义的食物组摄入量相关的风险。第一个因子标记为“谨慎型”，其特征是蔬菜、水果、奶酪和家禽的摄入量。第二个因子“传统型”包括大米、面食、豆类和肉类的摄入量。第三个因子“零食型”的特征是面包、黄油、意大利腊肠、奶酪、蛋糕和甜点的摄入量。第四个因子“单一型”与水果、蔬菜和大多数其他食物的摄入量呈负相关。为病例和对照计算每个保留成分的因子得分。根据对照的分布将因子得分分为三分位数后，使用无条件多因素逻辑回归计算比值比和95%置信区间。
“传统型”因子与癌症呈负相关（OR = 0.51；95% CI：0.32；0.81，趋势p值为0.14），而“单一型”与结果呈正相关（OR = 1.78；95% CI：1.78；2.85，趋势p值<0.001）。
研究数据表明，由米饭、豆类加适量肉类组成的传统巴西饮食可能对口腔癌具有保护作用，独立于酒精摄入和吸烟等任何其他风险因素。
