特定死因对死亡率性别差异的影响。
The contribution of specific causes of death to sex differences in mortality.
作者信息
Wong Mitchell D, Chung Anne K, Boscardin W John, Li Ming, Hsieh Hsin-ju, Ettner Susan L, Shapiro Martin F
机构信息
Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 911 Broxton Ave., Ste. 101, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
出版信息
Public Health Rep. 2006 Nov-Dec;121(6):746-54. doi: 10.1177/003335490612100615.
OBJECTIVE
Men have higher mortality rates than women for most causes of death. This study was conducted to determine the contribution of specific causes of death to the sex difference in years of potential life lost (YPLL).
METHODS
The authors examined data from the National Health Interview Survey with linked mortality data through 1997. Using survival analysis estimates, a stochastic simulation model to simulate death events for cohorts of white, African American, and Latino adults was created.
RESULTS
YPLL from all causes were greater among men than women. Homicide, motor vehicle accidents, and suicide accounted for 33% of YPLL sex difference among whites, 36% among African Americans, and 52% among Latinos. For all three racial/ethnic groups, cardiovascular disease (principally ischemic heart disease) was the second largest contributor to the sex difference in YPLL (29% among whites, 23% among African Americans, and 25% among Latinos). Lung cancer was also important among whites and African Americans, accounting for 15% and 17% of the sex difference in YPLL from all causes, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Ischemic heart disease, lung cancer, and traumatic deaths account for as much as three-quarters of the excess YPLL among men, suggesting that a few modifiable behaviors such as the use of tobacco, alcohol.
目的
在大多数死因中，男性的死亡率高于女性。本研究旨在确定特定死因对潜在寿命损失年数（YPLL）性别差异的影响。
方法
作者研究了来自国家健康访谈调查的数据，并与截至1997年的死亡率数据相链接。利用生存分析估计值，创建了一个随机模拟模型，用于模拟白人、非裔美国人和拉丁裔成年人队列的死亡事件。
结果
各种原因导致的YPLL在男性中高于女性。在白人中，凶杀、机动车事故和自杀占YPLL性别差异的33%，在非裔美国人中占36%，在拉丁裔中占52%。对于所有三个种族/族裔群体，心血管疾病（主要是缺血性心脏病）是YPLL性别差异的第二大原因（在白人中占29%，在非裔美国人中占23%，在拉丁裔中占25%）。肺癌在白人和非裔美国人中也很重要，分别占所有原因导致的YPLL性别差异的15%和17%。
结论
缺血性心脏病、肺癌和创伤性死亡占男性额外YPLL的四分之三，这表明一些可改变的行为，如吸烟、饮酒。
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