Armitage R
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48105, USA.
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 2007(433):104-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.00968.x.
Self-reported sleep disturbances are present in over 80% of patients with depression. However, sleep electroencephalography (EEG) findings, based on overnight polysomnography have not always differentiated depressed patients from healthy individuals.
The present paper will review the findings on sleep EEG studies in depression highlighting how recent technological and methodological advances have impacted on study outcomes.
The majority of studies, including our own work, do indicate that sleep homeostasis and sleep EEG rhythms are abnormal in depression, but the sleep disturbances were strongly moderated by gender and age. Melancholic features of depression correlated significantly with low slow-wave activity in depressed men, but not in depressed women. Women with depression showed low temporal coherence of sleep EEG rhythms but the presence or absence of melancholic features did not influence correlations.
Diagnostic classification schemas and clinical features of depression may influence sleep EEG findings, but gender may be a more important consideration.
超过80%的抑郁症患者存在自我报告的睡眠障碍。然而，基于夜间多导睡眠图的睡眠脑电图（EEG）研究结果并不总能区分抑郁症患者和健康个体。
本文将回顾抑郁症睡眠EEG研究的结果，重点介绍近期技术和方法的进步如何影响研究结果。
包括我们自己的研究在内，大多数研究确实表明抑郁症患者的睡眠稳态和睡眠EEG节律异常，但睡眠障碍受性别和年龄的影响很大。抑郁症的忧郁特征与男性抑郁症患者的低慢波活动显著相关，但与女性抑郁症患者无关。患有抑郁症的女性睡眠EEG节律的时间相干性较低，但忧郁特征的存在与否并不影响相关性。
抑郁症的诊断分类模式和临床特征可能会影响睡眠EEG结果，但性别可能是更重要的考虑因素。
