Stone David, Bress William
Oregon State Public Health, Environmental Toxicology, 800 NE Oregon Street #608, Portland, Oregon 97219, USA.
Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2007 Jan;3(1):137-43.
Toxigenic cyanobacteria, commonly known as blue green algae, are an emerging public health issue. The toxins produced by cyanobacteria have been detected across the United States in marine, freshwater and estuarine systems and associated with adverse health outcomes. The intent of this paper is to focus on how to address risk in a recreational freshwater scenario when toxigenic cyanobacteria are present. Several challenges exist for monitoring, assessing and posting water bodies and advising the public when toxigenic cyanobacteria are present. These include addressing different recreational activities that are associated with varying levels of risk, the dynamic temporal and spatial aspects of blooms, data gaps in toxicological information and the lack of training and resources for adequate surveillance. Without uniform federal guidance, numerous states have taken public health action for cyanobacteria with different criteria. Vermont and Oregon independently developed a tiered decision-making framework to reduce risk to recreational users when toxigenic cyanobacteria are present. This framework is based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative information.
产毒蓝藻细菌，通常被称为蓝绿藻，是一个新出现的公共卫生问题。在美国各地的海洋、淡水和河口系统中都检测到了蓝藻产生的毒素，并且这些毒素与不良健康后果有关。本文的目的是关注在存在产毒蓝藻细菌的情况下，如何应对娱乐性淡水环境中的风险。当存在产毒蓝藻细菌时，在监测、评估和公布水体以及向公众提供建议方面存在若干挑战。这些挑战包括应对与不同风险水平相关的不同娱乐活动、水华动态的时间和空间方面、毒理学信息的数据缺口以及缺乏足够监测的培训和资源。在没有统一的联邦指导的情况下，许多州已根据不同标准对蓝藻采取了公共卫生行动。佛蒙特州和俄勒冈州独立制定了一个分级决策框架，以降低存在产毒蓝藻细菌时对娱乐使用者的风险。该框架基于定性和定量信息的结合。
