Moore Shelly, Montane-Jaime Karelia, Shafe Samuel, Joseph Roma, Crooks Helene, Carr Lucinda G, Ehlers Cindy L
Pharmacology Unit, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2007 Mar;68(2):192-6. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2007.68.192.
Two polymorphisms in the promoter region of the gene encoding cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1A1), ALDH1A12 and ALDH1A13, have recently been identified. The present study sought to determine whether an association exists between ALDH1A1 genotypes, alcohol dependence, drinking history, and liver function tests in the two major ethnic groups of Trinidad and Tobago (TT).
The participants in this study were 137 alcohol dependents of either East Indian ancestry (Indo-TT) or African ancestry (Afro-TT) and 108 controls matched by age, gender, and ethnicity. A structured interview was used to gather information on demographics, psychiatric diagnoses, and personal drinking and drug use. A blood sample was obtained from each participant, and leukocyte DNA was extracted and used to genotype for the presence of the ALDH1A1 promoter polymorphisms. Serum levels of hepatic enzymes, as well as presence of HIV, hepatitis B surface antigen, and antihepatitis C virus antibody, were also determined.
Twenty-four participants (10%) possessed the ALDH1A11/2 genotype (frequency = .05), 4 were Afro-TT (2 alcohol dependents, 2 controls), and 20 were Indo-TT (18 alcohol dependents, 2 controls). Two participants (1 Indo-TT alcohol dependent, 1 Afro-TT alcohol dependent) had the ALDH1A12/2 genotype. Four participants possessed ALDH1A13, all of whom were Afro-TT controls. Indo-TT participants with at least one ALDH1A12 allele were more likely to have a lifetime diagnosis of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised, alcohol dependence (p < .002). Indo-TT participants with ALDH1A1*2 also reported significantly higher levels of current alcohol consumption (p < .05). The small number of Afro-TT participants with atypical polymorphisms limits any conclusions on the possible impact on alcohol dependence in that population.
Results from this study suggest that ALDH1A1*2 may be associated with increased risk for the development of alcohol dependence in Indo-Trinidadians.
编码胞质醛脱氢酶（ALDH1A1）的基因启动子区域存在两种多态性，即ALDH1A12和ALDH1A13，最近已被鉴定出来。本研究旨在确定在特立尼达和多巴哥（TT）的两个主要种族群体中，ALDH1A1基因型、酒精依赖、饮酒史和肝功能检查之间是否存在关联。
本研究的参与者包括137名东印度血统（印度裔TT）或非洲血统（非洲裔TT）的酒精依赖者以及108名按年龄、性别和种族匹配的对照者。采用结构化访谈收集人口统计学、精神疾病诊断以及个人饮酒和药物使用信息。从每位参与者采集血样，提取白细胞DNA并用于对ALDH1A1启动子多态性的存在进行基因分型。还测定了肝酶的血清水平以及HIV、乙肝表面抗原和抗丙型肝炎病毒抗体的存在情况。
24名参与者（10%）拥有ALDH1A11/2基因型（频率 = 0.05），其中4名是非洲裔TT（2名酒精依赖者，2名对照者），20名是印度裔TT（18名酒精依赖者，2名对照者）。两名参与者（1名印度裔TT酒精依赖者，1名非洲裔TT酒精依赖者）拥有ALDH1A12/2基因型。4名参与者拥有ALDH1A13，他们均为非洲裔TT对照者。至少携带一个ALDH1A12等位基因的印度裔TT参与者更有可能有《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本终生酒精依赖诊断（p < 0.002）。携带ALDH1A1*2的印度裔TT参与者当前饮酒量也显著更高（p < 0.05）。非洲裔TT中具有非典型多态性的参与者数量较少，限制了对该人群中可能对酒精依赖产生的影响得出任何结论。
本研究结果表明，ALDH1A1*2可能与印度裔特立尼达人酒精依赖发生风险增加有关。
