Montane Jaime Lazara Karelia, Shafe Samuel, Liang Tiebing, Wills Derek N, Berg Greta I, Ehlers Cindy L
Pharmacology Unit, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2014 Sep;75(5):827-38. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2014.75.827.
Level of response to alcohol has been associated with risk of alcohol dependence in a number of ethnic groups. In the present study, subjective and objective responses to alcohol were evaluated in Indo-Trinidadians (Indo-T) and Afro-Trinidadians (Afro-T). Associations of alcohol dehydrogenase polymorphisms with response to alcohol, using the Subjective High Assessment Scale (SHAS), and breath alcohol concentrations (BrAC) were tested.
Regular male drinkers without alcohol dependence (n = 112) ages 18-25 years participated in alcohol challenge sessions consisting of placebo and two doses of alcohol (target BrAC: 0 g/dl for placebo, .04 g/dl low dose, and .08 g/dl high dose) and genotyped for variants in ADH1B3 and ADH1C2.
Indo-T had significantly higher BrAC, pulse rates, and cortisol levels when compared with Afro-T but did not have significantly higher SHAS values. Higher responses on the SHAS items muddle/confused and nauseated were significantly associated with the presence of at least one ADH1B3 allele following the high dose of alcohol in Afro-T. Indo-T with at least one ADH1C2 allele displayed significantly different Drug × Time interactions for the SHAS item effects of alcohol at the low dose and for the SHAS items clumsy, muddle/confused, effects of alcohol, floating, drunk, and total at the high dose from Indo-T with two ADH1C*1 alleles.
This is the first study that has investigated individual sensitivity to alcohol in a Caribbean population and in people of East Indian descent. Indo-T with at least one ADH1C2 allele may be at higher risk for heavy drinking by feeling less of the effects of alcohol, including nausea. In Afro-T, having at least one ADH1B3 allele appears to exert a protective effect by enhancing the unpleasant effects of alcohol, such as nausea and confusion.
在多个种族群体中，对酒精的反应程度与酒精依赖风险相关。在本研究中，对印度裔特立尼达人和非裔特立尼达人的酒精主观和客观反应进行了评估。使用主观高分评估量表（SHAS）和呼气酒精浓度（BrAC）测试了酒精脱氢酶多态性与酒精反应之间的关联。
18至25岁无酒精依赖的男性常饮酒者（n = 112）参加了酒精激发试验，试验包括安慰剂和两剂酒精（目标BrAC：安慰剂为0 g/dl，低剂量为0.04 g/dl，高剂量为0.08 g/dl），并对ADH1B3和ADH1C2基因变体进行基因分型。
与非裔特立尼达人相比，印度裔特立尼达人的BrAC、脉搏率和皮质醇水平显著更高，但SHAS值没有显著更高。在非裔特立尼达人中，高剂量酒精摄入后，SHAS项目“混乱/困惑”和“恶心”的较高反应与至少一个ADH1B3等位基因的存在显著相关。至少有一个ADH1C2等位基因的印度裔特立尼达人在低剂量酒精时，SHAS项目酒精效应方面以及高剂量酒精时在SHAS项目“笨拙”“混乱/困惑”“酒精效应”“飘飘然”“醉酒”和总分方面，与有两个ADH1C*1等位基因的印度裔特立尼达人相比，显示出显著不同的药物×时间相互作用。
这是第一项在加勒比人群和东印度血统人群中研究个体对酒精敏感性的研究。至少有一个ADH1C2等位基因的印度裔特立尼达人可能因较少感受到酒精的影响（包括恶心）而有更高的酗酒风险。在非裔特立尼达人中，至少有一个ADH1B3等位基因似乎通过增强酒精的不适效应（如恶心和困惑）发挥保护作用。
