Shi Zumin, Lien Nanna, Nirmal Kumar Bernadette, Holmboe-Ottesen Gerd
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, PR China.
Public Health Nutr. 2007 Mar;10(3):298-305. doi: 10.1017/S1368980007352488.
To describe perceptions of weight of adolescents and associated factors.
Cross-sectional survey in 2002.
Eight public middle schools in two distinct socio-economic areas of Jiangsu Province, China.
Eight hundred and twenty-four adolescents (aged 12-14 years) and 628 of their parents.
Self-administered questionnaires for students and their parents were used to collect the data. Height and weight of the students were measured.
One-third of the girls perceived themselves as overweight, while only 8.9% were actually overweight or obese according to the World Health Organization definition. On the other hand, 15.0% of the girls considered themselves underweight, while 5.6% were underweight according to the definition. Among the boys, one-fifth of those defined as overweight perceived their weight as normal. Furthermore, 23.9% perceived themselves as underweight when in fact only 4.9% were classified as underweight according to the definition. About one-quarter of the students dieted in the past year. Adolescents who perceived themselves to be overweight dieted and skipped breakfast more often. They also had lower intake frequencies of animal foods, Western foods and milk/yoghurt. No disparity was observed in the intake frequency of fruits and vegetables between the groups of different weight perception. Parents' weight norms seemed to favour overweight in both genders, but especially among boys.
Both overweight and underweight concerns were common among girls, while a higher body weight was favoured by normal-weight boys and their parents. Distorted weight perceptions in adolescents, as well as dieting, are problems that need appropriate intervention.
描述青少年对体重的认知及相关因素。
2002年横断面调查。
中国江苏省两个不同社会经济区域的八所公立中学。
824名青少年（12 - 14岁）及其628名家长。
使用学生及其家长自行填写的问卷收集数据。测量学生的身高和体重。
三分之一的女孩认为自己超重，而根据世界卫生组织的定义，实际超重或肥胖的女孩仅占8.9%。另一方面，15.0%的女孩认为自己体重过轻，而根据定义体重过轻的女孩占5.6%。在男孩中，五分之一被定义为超重的男孩认为自己体重正常。此外，23.9%的男孩认为自己体重过轻，而实际上根据定义只有4.9%的男孩被归类为体重过轻。约四分之一的学生在过去一年中节食。认为自己超重的青少年更常节食和不吃早餐。他们摄入动物性食物、西式食物以及牛奶/酸奶的频率也较低。不同体重认知组之间在水果和蔬菜的摄入频率上未观察到差异。父母对体重的标准似乎都倾向于超重，尤其是男孩。
超重和体重过轻的担忧在女孩中都很常见，而正常体重的男孩及其父母更倾向于较高的体重。青少年对体重的认知扭曲以及节食是需要适当干预的问题。
