Jones T F, McMillian M B, Scallan E, Frenzen P D, Cronquist A B, Thomas S, Angulo F J
Communicable and Environmental Disease Services, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37247, USA.
Epidemiol Infect. 2007 Feb;135(2):293-301. doi: 10.1017/S0950268806006765.
From 1996 to 2003, four 12-month population-based surveys were performed in FoodNet sites to determine the burden of diarrhoeal disease in the population. Acute diarrhoeal illness (ADI) was defined as > or =3 loose stools in 24 hours with impairment of daily activities or duration of diarrhoea >1 day. A total of 52840 interviews were completed. The overall weighted prevalence of ADI in the previous month was 5.1% (95% CI+/-0.3%), corresponding to 0.6 episodes of ADI per person per year. The average monthly prevalence of ADI was similar in each of the four survey cycles (range 4.5-5.2%). Rates of ADI were highest in those age <5 years. Of those with ADI, 33.8% (95% CI+/-2.7%) reported vomiting, 19.5% (95% CI+/-2.1%) visited a medical provider, and 7.8% (95% CI+/-1.4%) took antibiotics. Rates of ADI were remarkably consistent over time, and demonstrate the substantial burden placed on the health-care system.
1996年至2003年期间，在食品网监测点开展了四项为期12个月的基于人群的调查，以确定人群中腹泻病的负担情况。急性腹泻病（ADI）定义为24小时内出现≥3次稀便且日常活动受限或腹泻持续时间超过1天。总共完成了52840次访谈。上一个月ADI的总体加权患病率为5.1%（95%置信区间±0.3%），相当于每人每年发生0.6次ADI。在四个调查周期中，每个周期的ADI平均月患病率相似（范围为4.5% - 5.2%）。5岁以下人群的ADI发病率最高。在患有ADI的人群中，33.8%（95%置信区间±2.7%）报告有呕吐症状，19.5%（95%置信区间±2.1%）去看了医疗服务提供者，7.8%（95%置信区间±1.4%）服用了抗生素。随着时间推移，ADI发病率非常稳定，这表明了给医疗保健系统带来的巨大负担。
