Chilvers Margaret, Donahue Michael, Nassar Larry, Manoli Arthur
Michigan International Foot and Ankle Center, 44555 Woodward Avenue, Suite 105, Pontiac, MI 48341, USA.
Foot Ankle Int. 2007 Feb;28(2):214-8. doi: 10.3113/FAI.2007.0214.
Gymnastics is a competitive and popular sport that is started at an early age, and elite female gymnasts reach their prime in mid-teenage years. The level of intensity of practice and competition, the number of events, and the degree of difficulty of the maneuvers make gymnastics one of the most injury-producing sports.
Over a 3-year period, 14 elite, female gymnasts were seen in one foot and ankle center. The mean age was 17 (range 14 to 21) years. All gymnasts sustained acute or sub-acute injuries to the foot or ankle requiring surgery. The mechanism of injury, the type of injury, operative repair, and followup were recorded.
There were five Lisfranc fracture-dislocations, and five talocalcaneal, two multiple metatarsal, one medial malleolar, one phalangeal, and one sesamoid fracture. All injuries had operative repair. One gymnast with a Lisfranc injury was able to return to full competition; all others with a Lisfranc injury retired from gymnastics, were lost to followup, or graduated from college. One gymnast with a talar osteochondral injury was not able to return to competition but all other injured gymnasts were able to return to gymnastics at the same level or higher.
Elite female gymnasts can sustain significant injury to the foot and ankle region. In our study, Lisfranc injuries were most likely career-ending.
体操是一项具有竞争性且广受欢迎的运动，通常在幼年时期就开始练习，优秀的女子体操运动员在十几岁中期达到巅峰状态。训练和比赛的强度、项目数量以及动作难度使得体操成为最容易导致受伤的运动之一。
在三年时间里，有14名优秀的女子体操运动员到一个足踝中心就诊。平均年龄为17岁（范围14至21岁）。所有体操运动员的足或踝部均遭受急性或亚急性损伤，需要进行手术。记录损伤机制、损伤类型、手术修复情况及随访结果。
有5例跖跗关节骨折脱位，5例距跟关节损伤，2例多发跖骨骨折，1例内踝骨折，1例趾骨骨折和1例籽骨骨折。所有损伤均进行了手术修复。1例跖跗关节损伤的体操运动员能够恢复到完全比赛状态；其他所有跖跗关节损伤的运动员均退出体操运动、失访或大学毕业。1例距骨骨软骨损伤的体操运动员无法恢复比赛，但其他所有受伤的体操运动员都能够恢复到相同或更高水平的体操运动。
优秀的女子体操运动员足踝部可能遭受严重损伤。在我们的研究中，跖跗关节损伤最有可能导致运动生涯结束。
