Triquenot-Bagan Aude
Département de neurologie, CHU de Rouen.
Presse Med. 2007 Jan;36(1 Pt 2):158-65. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2006.11.007. Epub 2006 Dec 13.
Venous thromboses in the cerebrum are rare, within the context of both cerebrovascular disease and all of the venous thrombotic diseases. Its clinical aspects are polymorphic in their onset and in their acute phase, making diagnosis difficult. MRI with angiographic sequences can show the presence of a thrombus within a venous vessel and its consequences on the cerebral parenchyma. Hemostatic disorders are the leading causes of cerebral venous thrombosis, in particular, constitutional thrombophilia often associated with one or several promoting factors such as use of oral contraception. This explains the incidence peak among young women. The cause of approximately 20% of cerebral venous thromboses is never identified. Antithrombotic treatment must be prescribed on an emergency basis when the diagnosis is made, even if potentially hemorrhagic lesions are also present. The risk of permanent neurologic damage is approximately 13%.
大脑静脉血栓形成在脑血管疾病以及所有静脉血栓形成疾病中都较为罕见。其临床症状在发病和急性期具有多态性，这使得诊断困难。带有血管造影序列的磁共振成像（MRI）能够显示静脉血管内血栓的存在及其对脑实质的影响。止血功能障碍是脑静脉血栓形成的主要原因，尤其是遗传性易栓症，它常与一种或多种促发因素相关，如口服避孕药的使用。这就解释了年轻女性中发病率的峰值情况。约20%的脑静脉血栓形成病因始终无法明确。一旦确诊，即使存在潜在的出血性病变，也必须紧急进行抗血栓治疗。永久性神经损伤的风险约为13%。
